The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.achieved in simulating highly dynamic swimming motions.Research teams, such as USA Swimming(Bixler & Riewald, 2002), have used CFD to describe the forces experienced by a hand and arm in a steady flow. This study, however, assumed a quasi-static flow to model a dynamic motion. Other research teams have circumvented the complexities involved in computer simulations by using physical models. Berger et al.(1995) at the Swimming Research Center in Amsterdam used a physical model approach in their study, pulling a model hand through a tow tank. Few experimental studies have been conducted that use a range of hand positions or model accelerations(Berger et al., 1995;Sanders, 1999). The majority of previous experiments used a static model, which limits applicability to actual swimming motion. This investigation addresses the need for a dynamic physical swimming model with particular attention to the effect of finger placement on stroke force.

N. O. Sidelnik

B. W. Young

Sports Engineering

Sports Eng

Optimising the freestyle swimming stroke: the effect of finger spread

This study experimentally simulated the dynamics of the freestyle stroke in the pull-down phase by measuring the propulsive force created by two models of human hands: one with fingers held together and the other held with fingers spread at 10∘.

Optimising the freestyle swimming stroke: the effect of finger spread

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Journal Info

Category	Quartile
SPORT SCIENCES	3