I argue that discussions of cognitive penetration have been insufficiently clear about (i) what distinguishes perception and cognition, and (ii) what kind of relationship between the two is supposed to be at stake in the debate. A strong reading, which is compatible with many characterizations of penetration, posits a highly specific and directed influence on perception. According to this view, which I call the "internal effect view" (IEV) a cognitive state penetrates a perceptual process if the presence of the cognitive state causes a change to the computation performed by the process, with the result being a distinct output. I produce a novel argument that this strong reading is false. On one well-motivated way of drawing the distinction between perceptual states and cognitive states, cognitive representations cannot play the computational role posited for them by IEV, vis-à-vis perception. This does not mean, however, that there are not important causal relationships between cognitive and perceptual states. I introduce an alternative view of these relationships, the "external effect view" (EEV). EEV posits that each cognitive state is associated with a broad range of possible perceptual outcomes, and biases perception towards any of those perceptual outcomes without determining specific perceptual contents. I argue that EEV captures the kinds of cases philosophers have thought to be evidence for IEV, and a wide range of other cases as well.

Daniel C. Burnston

Synthese

SYNTHESE 是一本哲学期刊，专注于认识论、科学哲学和相关领域的当代问题。更具体地说，我们将我们感兴趣的领域分为四类：（1）认识论、方法论和科学哲学，这些都是广泛理解的。 (2) 逻辑和数学的基础，其中“逻辑”、“数学”和“基础”都是广义的。 (3)哲学中的形式方法，包括将哲学与其他学术领域联系起来的方法。 (4) 伦理学和逻辑、数学和科学的历史和社会学问题，这些问题有助于当代研究 SYNTHESES 所关注的，如上文 (1)-(3) 所述。

SYNTHESE is a philosophy journal that focuses on contemporary issues in epistemology, philosophy of science, and related fields. We categorize our areas of interest into four groups: (1) broadly understood epistemology, methodology, and philosophy of science; (2) foundations of logic and mathematics, where 'logic', 'mathematics', and 'foundations' are understood in a broad sense; (3) formal methods in philosophy, particularly methods that connect philosophy with other academic disciplines; (4) ethical issues and the historical and sociological aspects of logic, mathematics, and science, which are significant for contemporary research in the areas of interest outlined in (1)-(3).

SYNTHESE 是一本专注于认识论、科学哲学及相关领域当代问题的哲学期刊。我们将关注的领域分为四个类别：（1）广泛理解的认识论、方法论和科学哲学；（2）逻辑和数学基础，其中“逻辑”、“数学”和“基础”均为广义概念；（3）哲学中的形式方法，尤其是将哲学与其他学科相结合的方法；（4）伦理学以及逻辑、数学和科学的历史与社会学问题，这些问题对当代研究 SYNTHESE 所关注的领域（如前述的 (1)-(3)）具有重要意义。

Cognitive penetration and the cognition–perception interface

It is argued that EEV captures the kinds of cases philosophers have thought to be evidence for IEV, and a wide range of other cases as well, and introduces an alternative view of these relationships, the “external effect view” (EEV).

Category	Quartile
哲学	1
哲学, 科学史与科学哲学	1
哲学, 哲学	1

Cognitive penetration and the cognition–perception interface

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