Micronutrient deficiency conditions, such as anemia, are the most prevalent global health problem due to inadequate iron and folate in dietary sources. Biofortification advancements can propel the rapid amelioration of nutritionally beneficial components in crops that are required to combat the adverse effects of micronutrient deficiencies on human health. To date, several strategies have been proposed to increase micronutrients in plants to improve food quality, but very few approaches have intrigued `clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats' (CRISPR) modules for the enhancement of iron and folate concentration in the edible parts of plants. In this review, we discuss two important approaches to simultaneously enhance the bioavailability of iron and folate concentrations in rice endosperms by utilizing advanced CRISPR-Cas9-based technology. This includes the 'tuning of cis-elements' and 'enhancer re-shuffling' in the regulatory components of genes that play a vital role in iron and folate biosynthesis/transportation pathways. In particular, base-editing and enhancer re-installation in native promoters of selected genes can lead to enhanced accumulation of iron and folate levels in the rice endosperm. The re-distribution of micronutrients in specific plant organs can be made possible using the above-mentioned contemporary approaches. Overall, the present review discusses the possible approaches for synchronized iron and folate biofortification through modification in regulatory gene circuits employing CRISPR-Cas9 technology.

Ahamed Khan

Baveesh Pudhuvai

Ankita Shrestha

Ajay Kumar Mishra

Maulin P. Shah

Bhupendra Koul

Nrisingha Dey

Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews

《生物技术与基因工程评论》发表主要受邀评论文章，涵盖生物技术在工业、农业和医学应用方面的重要发展。

Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews primarily publishes invited review articles that cover significant advancements in the applications of biotechnology in industry, agriculture, and medicine.

《生物技术与基因工程评论》主要发表受邀的评论文章，涵盖生物技术在工业、农业和医学应用方面的重要进展。

Category	Quartile
工程技术	3
工程技术, 生物工程与应用微生物	4
工程技术, 遗传学	4

CRISPR-mediated iron and folate biofortification in crops: advances and perspectives

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Journal Info

Category	Quartile
GENETICS & HEREDITY	1