Objective To review the research conclusions relating to clinical aspects of syndesmosis, the incidence and prognosis of syndesmosis injuries, and the effectiveness of the history and clinical examination to reliably diagnose ankle syndesmosis injury. Data Sources Google Scholar search: Syndesmosis paired with incidence, prognosis, history, and examination in turn. There was no time limit for the search. Articles were selected by reading titles, abstracts, and the full article, if indicated, seeking original articles determining these clinical aspects of syndesmosis injuries. Further articles were derived from the references of the primary articles. Main Results The prognosis for isolated syndesmosis injuries, including the time to functional recovery, is unknown. The incidence of acute syndesmosis injury in moderate to severe ankle injuries requiring imaging is of the order of 5%. Historical features and special clinical tests of syndesmosis injury have not been proven reliable by clinical studies using evidence-based diagnostic criteria. Acute local tenderness of the anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament will indicate significant syndesmosis injury in only approximately half of nonspecific ankle injuries. Conclusions There is limited, evidence-based, standard, published literature from which to draw conclusions regarding the validity or reliability of various clinical special tests for syndesmosis injury. Literature assessing the incidence, prognosis, and clinical features is generally not based on definitively confirmed syndesmosis injuries, which is a critical aspect of evidence-based medicine before valid conclusions can be drawn.

John J. Kellett

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine

​CLINICAL JOURNAL OF SPORT MEDICINE 是一本面向对运动医学实践有主要兴趣的临床医生出版的国际参考期刊。该杂志发表原创研究和评论，涵盖所有年龄和体育和锻炼参与水平的健康和身体有挑战的个体的诊断、治疗和康复。

The Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine is an international reference journal aimed at clinicians with a primary interest in the practice of sports medicine. The journal publishes original research and reviews covering the diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of individuals of all ages and levels of sports and exercise participation, including those with health challenges.

《Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine》是一本国际参考期刊，主要面向对运动医学实践感兴趣的临床医生。该期刊发表原创研究和评论，涵盖所有年龄段及不同体育和锻炼参与水平的健康个体及身体有挑战的个体的诊断、治疗和康复。

The Clinical Features of Ankle Syndesmosis Injuries

There is limited, evidence-based, standard, published literature from which to draw conclusions regarding the validity or reliability of various clinical special tests for syndesmosis injury.

Category	Quartile
医学	3
医学, 骨科	3
医学, 生理学	3
医学, 运动科学	4

The Clinical Features of Ankle Syndesmosis Injuries

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