Abstract Subsurface oceans rich in salts may be prevalent in the icy worlds of the outer solar system. Surface observations have led to various hypotheses for the transport of materials from the seafloor to the surface by hydrothermal plumes, and raise questions about heat transfer mechanisms. Chemical heterogeneity affects the vigor of convection, the forms of plumes, the generation and destruction of stratified or finger structures in the ocean, and thus the transport of heat and materials from the interior to the surface. Here, we investigate the layering phenomenon in a double‐diffusive convection system, which can occur when both the temperature and concentration influence the density of the fluid. The persistence of layers may depend on the buoyancy ratio, the Rayleigh number, boundary conditions, and initial conditions, which alter the chemical distribution and thus the balance between thermal and chemical buoyancies. Our simulations suggest that the layering could exist for a longer duration if the buoyancy ratio is raised with boundary conditions that maintain a large concentration difference. When the layers are present, heat and material transport are significantly inhibited through the subsurface ocean from the silicate interior to the base of the icy shell.

Teresa Wong

Ulrich Hansen

Thomas Wiesehöfer

William B. McKinnon

Journal of Geophysical Research Planets

地球物理研究行星杂志致力于发表行星科学广泛领域的新的和原创的研究。有关行星地质学、地球物理学、地球化学、大气和动力学的手稿适合该期刊，因为它们可以增加对影响太阳系天体的过程的了解。以比较行星学的角度呈现有关其他行星系统、系外行星或地球的手稿是受欢迎的。当天体生物学领域的研究对行星数据的解释产生直接影响时，将予以考虑。 JGR：PLANETS 不出版涉及未来任务和仪器的手稿，也不出版那些主要与工程感兴趣的手稿。仪器、校准或数据处理论文可能适合该期刊，但只有在附有科学分析和解释的情况下才能增加对研究对象的理解。描述新方法或技术的手稿如果包含使用该方法获得的新的和相关的科学结果，则可以被 JGR: PLANETS 接受。评论文章通常不适合 JGR：行星，但如果它们构成特刊的组成部分，则可以考虑。

The Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets publishes novel and original research across a wide range of planetary science. Manuscripts related to planetary geology, geophysics, geochemistry, atmospheres, and dynamics are suitable for the journal as they contribute to the understanding of processes affecting solar system bodies. Manuscripts presenting comparative planetary studies of other planetary systems, exoplanets, or Earth are welcomed. Research in astrobiology that directly impacts the interpretation of planetary data will also be considered. It is important to note that the Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets does not publish manuscripts related to future missions and instruments, nor those primarily focused on engineering interests. Papers on instruments, calibration, or data processing may be suitable for the journal only if they include scientific analysis and interpretation that enhance the understanding of the subject of study. Manuscripts describing new methods or techniques may be accepted if they include new and relevant scientific results obtained using those methods. Review articles are generally not suitable for the Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, but may be considered if they form part of a special issue.

《Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets》致力于发表行星科学领域的新颖和原创研究。适合该期刊的手稿包括行星地质学、地球物理学、地球化学、大气和动力学等方面的研究，这些研究能够增进我们对太阳系天体过程的理解。我们欢迎从比较行星学的角度探讨其他行星系统、系外行星或地球的手稿。当天体生物学领域的研究直接影响对行星数据的解释时，这类研究也将被考虑。需要注意的是，《Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets》不接受关于未来任务和仪器的手稿，也不接受主要关注工程方面的手稿。关于仪器、校准或数据处理的论文如果附有科学分析和解释，能够增进对研究对象的理解，则可能适合该期刊。描述新方法或技术的手稿，如果包含使用该方法获得的新颖和相关的科学结果，也可能被《Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets》接受。评论文章通常不适合该期刊，但如果它们是特刊的一部分，则可以考虑。

Category	Quartile
地球科学	1
地球科学, 地球化学与地球物理	2

Layering by Double‐Diffusive Convection in the Subsurface Oceans of Europa and Enceladus

ivySCI AI Smartly Parses PDF, Answers Researchers' Questions, and Helps You Understand Papers in Seconds

Journal Info

Category	Quartile
GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS	1