Marine zooplankton comprise a phylogenetically and functionally diverse assemblage of protistan and metazoan consumers that occupy multiple trophic levels in pelagic food webs. Within this complex network, carbon flows via alternative zooplankton pathways drive temporal and spatial variability in production-grazing coupling, nutrient cycling, export, and transfer efficiency to higher trophic levels. We explore current knowledge of the processing of zooplankton food ingestion by absorption, egestion, respiration, excretion, and growth (production) processes. On a global scale, carbon fluxes are reasonably constrained by the grazing impact of microzooplankton and the respiratory requirements of mesozooplankton but are sensitive to uncertainties in trophic structure. The relative importance, combined magnitude, and efficiency of export mechanisms (mucous feeding webs, fecal pellets, molts, carcasses, and vertical migrations) likewise reflect regional variability in community structure. Climate change is expected to broadly alter carbon cycling by zooplankton and to have direct impacts on key species.

Deborah K. Steinberg

Michael R. Landry

Annual Review of Marine Science

自 2009 年起出版的《海洋科学年度回顾》提供了关于海洋科学领域的观点。该杂志从沿海和蓝水海洋学（生物、化学、地质和物理）的主要学科以及以海洋环境为统一主题的生态学、保护和技术发展学科的不同主题中汲取灵感。

The Annual Review of Marine Science, published since 2009, offers in-depth perspectives on the field of marine science. This journal draws inspiration from major disciplines of coastal and blue water oceanography, including biology, chemistry, geology, and physics, as well as various topics related to ecology, conservation, and technological developments centered around the marine environment.

《Annual Review of Marine Science》自2009年起出版，提供了关于海洋科学领域的深入观点。该期刊涵盖了沿海和深海海洋学的主要学科，包括生物、化学、地质和物理等方面，同时也探讨了以海洋环境为主题的生态学、保护和技术发展的不同领域。

Category	Quartile
地球科学	1
地球科学, 地球化学与地球物理	1
地球科学, 海洋与淡水生物学	1
地球科学, 海洋学	1

Zooplankton and the Ocean Carbon Cycle

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