Nicotine salt e-liquids are widely used in pod-style and disposable electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). Studying the physical and chemical properties of their emissions can inform their toxicological impact. A prior companion study reported the harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs) and aerosol particle sizes produced from laboratory-made nicotine salt and freebase nicotine e-liquids to assess the effects of varying nicotine salts and nicotine protonation. This study reports the HPHCs and aerosol particle sizes for commercial brand nicotine salt and freebase nicotine formulations. Several tobacco, fruit, mint, and menthol flavored e-liquids of varying nicotine concentrations were tested with open and closed pod-style ENDS and a disposable ENDS. The nicotine yields showed a positive correlation with aerosol output, and the aerosol nicotine mass fractions reflected the e-liquid nicotine quantities. Benzene, crotonaldehyde, and 2,3-pentanedione were not detected or quantified in any of the aerosols, whereas acetaldehyde, acrolein, diacetyl, and formaldehyde were each quantified in at least one of the tested conditions. The aerosol particle number concentrations indicated that 97-99% of the aerosols for all the ENDS tested were composed of ultrafine (<0.1 μm) and fine (0.1-1.0 μm) aerosol particle sizes, and the mass median aerodynamic diameters ranged from 1.0 to 1.4 μm. The estimated regional deposition fractions and total respiratory depositions were calculated for all the ENDS conditions using a dosimetry modeling program. The calculations predicted depositions would predominantly occur in the pulmonary and head regions with a low total respiratory deposition (≤41%) calculated for all ENDS tested. This study broadens the availability of high-quality and reliable testing data of popular commercial nicotine salt-based ENDS for the scientific and regulatory communities. In conjunction with the previous work on the model e-liquids, these studies offer an extensive examination of the HPHCs and physical aerosol parameters of nicotine salt e-liquids.

Trevor Harris

Chemical Research in Toxicology

毒理学化学研究发表关于毒理学广泛主题的文章、快速报告、化学概况、评论、观点、致编辑的信和 TOXWATCH，这些主题为化学和分子理解以及基于结构预测生物学结果的能力提供信息和流程。该杂志报道的活动的首要目标是提供促进人类安全和生态系统保护的智能解决方案所需的知识和创新方法。该杂志强调对现象学观察的毒性机制的洞察力。它坚持严格的化学、物理和数学标准来表征和应用现代技术。

Chemical Research in Toxicology is an academic journal focused on the field of toxicology, publishing research articles, rapid reports, chemical profiles, reviews, viewpoints, letters to the editor, and TOXWATCH on a wide range of topics in toxicology. The journal aims to provide the knowledge and innovative approaches necessary for promoting human safety and protecting ecosystems, emphasizing a deep understanding of toxic mechanisms. It adheres to rigorous standards in chemistry, physics, and mathematics to characterize and apply modern technologies.

《Chemical Research in Toxicology》是一本专注于毒理学领域的学术期刊，发表关于毒理学广泛主题的研究文章、快速报告、化学概况、评论、观点、致编辑的信件以及 TOXWATCH。该期刊旨在提供促进人类安全和生态系统保护所需的知识和创新方法，强调对毒性机制的深入理解。它坚持严格的化学、物理和数学标准，以表征和应用现代技术。

Category	Quartile
医学	3
医学, 毒理学	2
医学, 药物化学	3
医学, 化学综合	3

Physical and Chemical Characterization of Aerosols Produced from Commercial Nicotine Salt-Based E-Liquids

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