The production of 1 L of ethanol from sugarcane generates up to 12 L of vinasse, which is a liquid waste containing an as-yet uncharacterized microbial assemblage. Most vinasse is destined for use as a fertilizer on the sugarcane fields because of the high organic and K content; however, increased N2O emissions have been observed when vinasse is co-applied with inorganic N fertilizers. Here we aimed to characterize the microbial assemblage of vinasse to determine the gene potential of vinasse microbes for contributing to negative environmental effects during fertirrigation and/or to the obstruction of bioethanol fermentation.We measured chemical characteristics and extracted total DNA from six vinasse batches taken over 1.5 years from a bioethanol and sugar mill in Sao Paulo State. The vinasse microbial assemblage was characterized by low alpha diversity with 5-15 species across the six vinasses. The core genus was Lactobacillus. The top six represented bacterial genera across the samples were Lactobacillus, Megasphaera and Mitsuokella (Phylum Firmicutes, 35-97% of sample reads); Arcobacter and Alcaligenes (Phylum Proteobacteria, 0-40%); Dysgonomonas (Phylum Bacteroidetes, 0-53%); and Bifidobacterium (Phylum Actinobacteria, 0-18%). Potential genes for denitrification but not nitrification were identified in the vinasse metagenomes, with putative nirK and nosZ genes the most represented. Binning resulted in 38 large bins with between 36.0 and 99.3% completeness, and five small mobile element bins. Of the large bins, 53% could be classified at the phylum level as Firmicutes, 15% as Proteobacteria, 13% as unknown phyla, 13% as Bacteroidetes and 6% as Actinobacteria. The large bins spanned a range of potential denitrifiers; moreover, the genetic repertoires of all the large bins included the presence of genes involved in acetate, CO2, ethanol, H2O2, and lactose metabolism; for many of the large bins, genes related to the metabolism of mannitol, xylose, butyric acid, cellulose, sucrose, "3-hydroxy" fatty acids and antibiotic resistance were present based on the annotations. In total, 21 vinasse bacterial draft genomes were submitted to the genome repository.Identification of the gene repertoires of vinasse bacteria and assemblages supported the idea that organic carbon and nitrogen present in vinasse together with microbiological variation of vinasse might lead to varying patterns of N2O emissions during fertirrigation. Furthermore, we uncovered draft genomes of novel strains of known bioethanol contaminants, as well as draft genomes unknown at the phylum level. This study will aid efforts to improve bioethanol production efficiency and sugarcane agriculture sustainability.

Noriko A. Cassman

Késia S. Lourenço

Janaína B. do Carmo

Heitor Cantarella

Eiko E. Kuramae

Biotechnology for Biofuels

BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 是一本开放获取的同行评议期刊，以描述生物燃料、化学品和其他生物产品生产中的技术和操作进步的高质量研究为特色。该杂志强调理解和推进生物技术和协同操作的应用，以改进植物和生物转化系统，以利用生物质、生物质衍生的中间体或二氧化碳进行生物生产这些产品，以及生物不可或缺的上游或下游操作生物质转化。生物燃料的生物技术专注于以下领域：• 陆地植物原料的开发• 藻类原料的开发• 用于生物转化的生物质预处理、分馏和提取• 酶工程、生产和分析• 细菌遗传学、生理学和代谢工程•真菌/酵母遗传学、生理学和代谢工程• 发酵、生物催化转化和反应动力学• 从生物质中生物生产化学品和生物产品• 厌氧消化、生物氢和生物电• 生物工艺集成、技术经济分析、建模和政策• L IFE循环评估和环境影响分析

Biotechnology for Biofuels is an open-access, peer-reviewed journal that features high-quality research describing technological and operational advancements in the production of biofuels, chemicals, and other bioproducts. The journal emphasizes understanding and advancing the applications of biotechnology and collaborative operations to improve plant and bioconversion systems for the biological production of these products using biomass, biomass-derived intermediates, or carbon dioxide, as well as the upstream and downstream operations essential for biomass conversion. The biotechnology of biofuels focuses on the following areas: • Development of terrestrial plant feedstocks • Development of algal feedstocks • Pretreatment, fractionation, and extraction of biomass for bioconversion • Enzyme engineering, production, and analysis • Bacterial genetics, physiology, and metabolic engineering • Fungal/yeast genetics, physiology, and metabolic engineering • Fermentation, biocatalytic conversion, and reaction kinetics • Bioproduction of chemicals and bioproducts from biomass • Anaerobic digestion, biohydrogen, and bioelectricity • Integration of bioprocesses, techno-economic analysis, modeling, and policy • Life cycle assessment and environmental impact analysis.

《Biotechnology for Biofuels》是一本开放获取的同行评审期刊，专注于生物燃料、化学品及其他生物产品生产中的技术与操作进展。该期刊强调理解和推动生物技术及协同操作的应用，以改进植物和生物转化系统，利用生物质、生物质衍生的中间体或二氧化碳进行生物生产。这些研究涵盖了生物质转化的上游和下游操作。生物燃料的生物技术主要集中在以下领域：• 陆地植物原料的开发 • 藻类原料的开发 • 生物质的预处理、分馏和提取 • 酶工程、生产与分析 • 细菌的遗传学、生理学和代谢工程 • 真菌/酵母的遗传学、生理学和代谢工程 • 发酵、生物催化转化和反应动力学 • 从生物质中生物生产化学品和生物产品 • 厌氧消化、生物氢和生物电 • 生物工艺集成、技术经济分析、建模和政策 • 生命周期评估和环境影响分析

Genome-resolved metagenomics of sugarcane vinasse bacteria

Identification of the gene repertoires of vinasse bacteria and assemblages supported the idea that organic carbon and nitrogen present in vInasse together with microbiological variation of v inasse might lead to varying patterns of N2O emissions during fertirrigation.

Category	Quartile
工程技术	1
工程技术, 生物工程与应用微生物	1
工程技术, 能源与燃料	2

Genome-resolved metagenomics of sugarcane vinasse bacteria

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Journal Info

Category	Quartile
ENERGY & FUELS	2