Abstract An understanding of anthropogenic factors influencing wildlife invasions is crucial to development of comprehensive prevention and management strategies. However, little attention has been paid to the role religious practice plays in biological invasions. The tradition of wildlife release is prevalent in many areas around the world where Asian religions are influential and is hypothesized to promote species invasions, although quantitative evidence is lacking. We used an information‐theoretic approach to evaluate the influence of Buddhist wildlife release events on establishment of feral populations of American bullfrogs ( Lithobates catesbeianus ) in Yunnan province, southwestern China, from 2008 to 2009. We identified frequency of release events and lentic water conditions as factors that promote establishment of bullfrog populations, whereas hunting activity likely helps to prevent establishment. Our study provides the first quantitative evidence that religious release is an important pathway for wildlife invasions and has implications for prevention and management on a global scale.

Xuan Liu

Monica E. McGarrity

Yiming Li

Conservation Letters

CONSERVATION LETTERS 是一本科学期刊，发表对保护生物多样性具有重要意义的实证和理论研究。该杂志欢迎生物和社会科学领域的投稿——尤其是跨学科投稿——推动务实的保护目标和科学理解。手稿将按快速沟通时间表发布，因此应该是最新的和热门的。研究文章应该清楚地阐明他们的发现对保护政策和实践的重要性。

Conservation Letters is a scientific journal dedicated to publishing empirical and theoretical research that is significant for the conservation of biodiversity. The journal welcomes submissions from the fields of biological and social sciences, particularly interdisciplinary studies, to advance practical conservation goals and scientific understanding. Manuscripts will be published on a rapid communication timeline, so they should be current and relevant. Research articles should clearly articulate the importance of their findings for conservation policy and practice.

《Conservation Letters》是一本科学期刊，专注于发表对保护生物多样性具有重要意义的实证和理论研究。该期刊欢迎生物科学和社会科学领域的投稿，尤其鼓励跨学科的研究，以推动务实的保护目标和科学理解。手稿将按照快速沟通的时间表发布，因此应确保内容是最新和热门的。研究文章需清晰阐明其发现对保护政策和实践的重要性。

The influence of traditional Buddhist wildlife release on biological invasions

This study provides the first quantitative evidence that religious release is an important pathway for wildlife invasions and has implications for prevention and management on a global scale.

Category	Quartile
环境科学与生态学	1
环境科学与生态学, 生物多样性保护	1

The influence of traditional Buddhist wildlife release on biological invasions

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