Virtual reality (VR) lab experiences for organic chemistry were developed at NC State University as an accessibility tool for students who are unable to attend in-person laboratories due to disabilities, attendance challenges such as pregnancy or military deployment, or safety concerns. The resulting first-person VR experiences are immersive and realistic, with a virtual teaching assistant guiding the user along the steps required to complete the experiment, including feedback as needed. During the COVID pandemic, these laboratories replaced traditional face-to-face laboratories at NC State and several other universities. During the summer of 2020, we used the Meaningful Learning in the Laboratory Instrument (MLLI) to measure both the cognitive and affective dimensions of students' expectations of the virtual lab before the course and their experiences with virtual reality after completing the course. Students who completed virtual reality laboratories reported more positive affective experiences than they anticipated, including little frustration or confusion in the laboratory.

Nicholas D. Williams

Maria T. Gallardo-Williams

Emily H. Griffith

Stacey Lowery Bretz

Journal of Chemical Education

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION 是美国化学学会化学教育分部的官方期刊，与美国化学会出版分部共同出版。 《化学教育杂志》创刊于 1924 年，是世界首屈一指的化学教育杂志。该杂志发表同行评议的文章和相关信息，作为化学教育领域和为他们服务的机构的资源。 JCE 通常涉及化学内容、活动、实验室实验、教学方法和教学法。该杂志是世界各地对化学教学和学习感兴趣的人们之间的一种交流方式。这包括从中学到研究生院的化学教师、支持这些教学活动的专业人员，以及一些商业、工业和政府部门的科学家。

The Journal of Chemical Education is the official journal of the Division of Chemical Education of the American Chemical Society, published in collaboration with the ACS Publications Division. Founded in 1924, it is the world's leading journal in chemical education. The journal publishes peer-reviewed articles and related information, serving as a resource for the field of chemical education and the institutions that support it. The Journal of Chemical Education typically covers topics such as chemical content, activities, laboratory experiments, teaching methods, and pedagogy. It serves as a platform for communication among individuals interested in chemical teaching and learning worldwide, including chemistry teachers from middle school to graduate school, professionals who support these educational activities, and scientists from commercial, industrial, and governmental sectors.

《Journal of Chemical Education》是美国化学学会化学教育分部的官方期刊，由美国化学会出版分部共同出版。该期刊创刊于1924年，是全球领先的化学教育杂志。它发表经过同行评审的文章和相关信息，旨在为化学教育领域及其相关机构提供资源。《Journal of Chemical Education》通常涵盖化学内容、活动、实验室实验、教学方法和教学法。该杂志为全球对化学教学和学习感兴趣的人员提供了一个交流平台，包括从中学到研究生院的化学教师、支持这些教学活动的专业人员，以及来自商业、工业和政府部门的科学家。

Investigating Meaningful Learning in Virtual Reality Organic Chemistry Laboratories

Students who completed virtual reality laboratories reported more positive affective experiences than they anticipated, including little frustration or confusion in the laboratory, and their experiences with virtual reality after completing the course.

Category	Quartile
教育学	3
教育学, 化学综合	2
教育学, 学科教育	3

Investigating Meaningful Learning in Virtual Reality Organic Chemistry Laboratories

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Journal Info

Category	Quartile
EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES	2