Abstract 2-Phenoxyethanol (PhE) is an amphiphilic organic compound frequently used as a broad-spectrum preservative in cosmetic products and other consumer goods. PhE is also used as a biocidal component in occupational settings. A previous volunteer study by our working group following oral exposure to PhE showed that PhE is almost completely taken up into the human body followed by an extensive metabolization and fast urinary elimination. However, with respect to the importance of transdermal uptake, we now conducted another volunteer study applying dermal PhE exposure: five volunteers were dermally exposed with 0.4 mg/kg body weight of PhE each on a specified 800 cm 2 skin area using non-occlusive conditions. Subsequently, blood and urine samples were collected up to 48 h post-exposure. The present study illustrates the fast transdermal uptake of PhE. Following systemic resorption, PhE was extensively metabolized and rapidly eliminated in urine mainly in form of the metabolites PhAA (phenoxyacetic acid) and 4-OH-PhAA (4-hydroxyphenoxyacetic acid) accounting together for over 99% of the renally excreted PhE dose. The absolute urinary recovery rate of PhE was observed to be significantly lower following dermal exposure compared to oral uptake indicating a dermal resorption rate of PhE of about 45% in humans. The present study provides for the first time detailed insights into human biotransformation and toxicokinetics of PhE after dermal exposure, thus establishing a reliable strategy for human biomonitoring of PhE. The here presented results may thus be useful for further toxicokinetic modeling and forward dosimetry.

Elisabeth Eckert

Thomas Jäger

Edgar Leibold

Michael Bader

Thomas Göen

Julia Hiller

Archives of Toxicology

毒理学档案提供有关毒理学最新进展的最新信息。该杂志特别强调与化学物质的明确影响和毒性机制相关的研究，包括分子水平的毒性活动，在人类和实验动物中。覆盖范围包括对分析和毒代动力学以及法医毒理学的新见解。毒理学家普遍感兴趣的评论文章是该杂志的另一个重要特征。

The Archives of Toxicology is a journal that provides the latest information on advancements in toxicology. It particularly emphasizes research related to the effects of chemicals and their toxic mechanisms, including toxic activities at the molecular level in humans and experimental animals. The scope includes new insights into analytical toxicology, toxicokinetics, and forensic toxicology. Additionally, review articles that are of general interest to toxicologists are another significant feature of the journal.

《Archives of Toxicology》是一本提供毒理学最新进展的期刊。该杂志特别强调与化学物质的影响及其毒性机制相关的研究，包括分子水平的毒性活动，涉及人类和实验动物。内容涵盖对分析毒理学、毒代动力学以及法医毒理学的新见解。此外，毒理学家普遍感兴趣的评论文章也是该杂志的重要特色之一。

Category	Quartile
医学	2
医学, 毒理学	1

Dermal penetration of 2-phenoxyethanol in humans: in vivo metabolism and toxicokinetics

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