This study examined self- and group-orientations and their associations with social and psychological adjustment among children in urban and rural China. We expected that self-orientation would be more strongly associated with adjustment in urban children than in rural children whereas group-orientation would be more strongly associated with adjustment in rural children than in urban children. Data on self- and group-orientations and indexes of adjustment were collected for students in urban and rural elementary schools ( N = 990, M age = 11 years) from multiple sources including teacher ratings, self-reports, and school records. The results showed that self-orientation was positively associated with academic achievement (β = .27, t = 5.20, p &lt; .001) and negatively associated with emotional problems (βs = −.12 to −.20, ts = −2.34 to −3.93, ps = .007 to &lt; .001) in urban children; the associations were weaker or nonsignificant in rural children (βs = −.04 to .12, ts = −.83 to 2.54, ps = .405 to .011). Group-orientation was associated with social standing, academic achievement, and psychological well-being more strongly in rural children (βs = −.35 to .36, ts = −7.32 to 7.63, ps = .048 to &lt; .001) than in urban children (βs = −.19 to .20, ts = −.3.75 to 3.77, ps = .432 to &lt; .001). These results indicate different implications of self- and group-orientations for adjustment in urban and rural children in contemporary China.

Xiaoshi Liu

Rui Fu

Dan Li

Junsheng Liu

Xinyin Chen

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology publishes papers that focus on the interrelationships between culture and psychological processes. Submitted manuscripts may report results from either cross-cultural comparative research or results from other types of research concerning the ways in which culture (and related concepts such as ethnicity) affect the thinking and behavior of individuals as well as how individual thought and behavior define and reflect aspects of culture. Review papers and innovative reformulations of cross-cultural theory will also be considered. Studies reporting data from within a single nation should focus on cross-cultural perspective. Empirical studies must be described in sufficient detail to be potentially replicable.

The Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology publishes papers that focus on the interrelationships between culture and psychological processes. Submitted manuscripts may report results from cross-cultural comparative research or other types of research concerning how culture (and related concepts such as ethnicity) affects individual thinking and behavior, as well as how individual thought and behavior define and reflect aspects of culture. Review papers and innovative reformulations of cross-cultural theory are also welcome. Studies reporting data from within a single nation should focus on a cross-cultural perspective. Empirical studies must be described in sufficient detail to be potentially replicable.

《Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology》致力于发表关注文化与心理过程之间相互关系的论文。提交的手稿可以报告跨文化比较研究的结果，也可以是其他类型的研究，探讨文化（及相关概念如民族性）如何影响个体的思维和行为，以及个体的思维和行为如何定义和反映文化的各个方面。我们也欢迎综述性论文和对跨文化理论的创新性重新阐述。报告来自单一国家的数据的研究应聚焦于跨文化视角。实证研究必须详细描述，以便于潜在的可重复性。

Category	Quartile
心理学	3
心理学, 心理学社会	3

Self- and Group-Orientations and Adjustment in Urban and Rural Chinese Children

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Journal Info

Category	Quartile
PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL	2