Hydrogels appear to be an attractive class of biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering due to their high water content, excellent biocompatibility, tunable stiffness, etc. The crosslinking density of the hydrogel can affect their viscoelastic property, and therefore potentially impact the chondrogenic phenotype of re-differentiated chondrocytes in a 3D microenvironment through physical cues. To understand the effect of crosslinking densities on chondrocytes phenotype and cellular interaction with the hydrogel, this study utilized a clinical grade thiolate hyaluronic acid and thiolate gelatin (HA-Gel) hydrogel, crosslinked with poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate to create various crosslinking densities. The HA-Gel hydrogels were then mixed with human nasal chondrocytes to generate neocartilage in vitro. The influence of the hydrogel crosslinking density and the viscoelastic property on the cell behaviours on the gene and matrix levels were evaluated using biochemistry assays, histology, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and next-generation sequencing (RNA seq). In general, the differences in the storage modulus of the HA-Gel hydrogel are not enough to alter the cartilaginous gene expression of chondrocytes. However, a positively correlated trend of PPAR-γ gene expression to the crosslinking density was measured by qPCR. The RNA-seq results have shown that 178 genes are significantly negatively correlated and 225 genes are positively correlated to the crosslinking density, which is worth investigating in the future studies.

Xiaoyi Lan

Zhiyao Ma

Melanie Kunze

Aillette Mulet-Sierra

Martin Osswald

Khalid Ansari

Hadi Seikaly

Yaman Boluk

Adetola B Adesida

Annals of biomedical engineering

ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING是生物医学工程学会的官方期刊，发表生物工程和生物医学工程主要领域的原创文章。 《年鉴》是一本跨学科的国际期刊，旨在突出解决生物和生物医学问题的综合方法。

The Annals of Biomedical Engineering is the official journal of the Biomedical Engineering Society, dedicated to publishing original research articles in the fields of bioengineering and biomedical engineering. This interdisciplinary international journal aims to highlight integrated approaches to solving biological and biomedical problems.

《Annals of Biomedical Engineering》是生物医学工程学会的官方期刊，专注于发表生物工程和生物医学工程领域的原创研究文章。这本跨学科的国际期刊旨在强调解决生物和生物医学问题的综合方法。

Annals of Biomedical Engineering

Ann Biomed Eng

The Effect of Crosslinking Density on Nasal Chondrocytes' Redifferentiation.

Differences in the storage modulus of the HA-Gel hydrogel are not enough to alter the cartilaginous gene expression of chondrocytes, however, a positively correlated trend of PPAR-γ gene expression to the crosslinking density was measured by qPCR.

Category	Quartile
医学	2
医学, 工程生物医学	3

The Effect of Crosslinking Density on Nasal Chondrocytes' Redifferentiation.

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