Climate extremes threaten human health, economic stability, and the well-being of natural and built environments (e.g., 2003 European heat wave). As the world continues to warm, climate hazards are expected to increase in frequency and intensity. The impacts of extreme events will also be more severe due to the increased exposure (growing population and development) and vulnerability (aging infrastructure) of human settlements. Climate models attribute part of the projected increases in the intensity and frequency of natural disasters to anthropogenic emissions and changes in land use and land cover. Here, we review the impacts, historical and projected changes,and theoretical research gaps of key extreme events (heat waves, droughts, wildfires, precipitation, and flooding). We also highlight the need to improve our understanding of the dependence between individual and interrelated climate extremes because anthropogenic-induced warming increases the risk of not only individual climate extremes but also compound (co-occurring) and cascading hazards. ▪  Climate hazards are expected to increase in frequency and intensity in a warming world. ▪  Anthropogenic-induced warming increases the risk of compound and cascading hazards. ▪  We need to improve our understanding of causes and drivers of compound and cascading hazards.

Amir AghaKouchak

Felicia Chiang

Laurie S. Huning

Charlotte A. Love

Iman Mallakpour

Omid Mazdiyasni

Hamed Moftakhari

Simon Michael Papalexiou

Elisa Ragno

Mojtaba Sadegh

Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences

自 1973 年出版的《地球与行星科学年度回顾》涵盖了地球和行星科学所有领域的重大发展，从气候、环境和地质灾害到行星的形成和生命的进化。

The Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences has been published since 1973, covering significant developments in all areas of Earth and planetary sciences, including climate change, environmental issues, geological hazards, planetary formation, and the evolution of life.

《Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences》自1973年出版，涵盖了地球与行星科学各个领域的重要进展，包括气候变化、环境问题、地质灾害、行星形成以及生命的演化等。

Category	Quartile
地球科学	1
地球科学, 天文与天体物理	1
地球科学, 地球科学综合	1

Climate Extremes and Compound Hazards in a Warming World

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Journal Info

Category	Quartile
GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY	1