Test-first development (TFD) is a software development approach involving automated tests before writing the actual code. TFD offers many benefits, such as improving code quality, reducing debugging time, and enabling easier refactoring. However, TFD also poses challenges and limitations, requiring more effort and time to write and maintain test cases, especially for large and complex projects. Refactoring for testability is improving the internal structure of source code to make it easier to test. Refactoring for testability can reduce the cost and complexity of software testing and speed up the test-first life cycle. However, measuring testability is a vital step before refactoring for testability, as it provides a baseline for evaluating the current state of the software and identifying the areas that need improvement. This paper proposes a mathematical model for calculating class testability based on test effectiveness and effort and a machine-learning regression model that predicts testability using source code metrics. It also introduces a testability-driven development (TsDD) method that conducts the TFD process toward developing testable code. TsDD focuses on improving testability and reducing testing costs by measuring testability frequently and refactoring to increase testability without running the program. Our testability prediction model has a mean squared error of 0.0311 and an R2 score of 0.6285. We illustrate the usefulness of TsDD by applying it to 50 Java classes from three open-source projects. TsDD achieves an average of 77.81% improvement in the testability of these classes. Experts' manual evaluation confirms the potential of TsDD in accelerating the TDD process.

Saeed Parsa

Morteza Zakeri-Nasrabadi

Burak Turhan

Computer Standards & Interfaces

The quality of software, well-defined interfaces (hardware and software), the process of digitalisation, and accepted standards in these fields are essential for building and exploiting complex computing, communication, multimedia and measuring systems. Standards can simplify the design and construction of individual hardware and software components and help to ensure satisfactory interworking.

Computer Standards & Interfaces is an international journal dealing specifically with these topics.

The journal
• Provides information about activities and progress on the definition of computer standards, software quality, interfaces and methods, at national, European and international levels
• Publishes critical comments on standards and standards activities
• Disseminates user's experiences and case studies in the application and exploitation of established or emerging standards, interfaces and methods
• Offers a forum for discussion on actual projects, standards, interfaces and methods by recognised experts
• Stimulates relevant research by providing a specialised refereed medium.

The journal "Computer Standards and Interfaces" focuses on software quality, the definition of hardware and software interfaces, the process of digitalization, and accepted standards in these fields. These standards are essential for building and exploiting complex computing, communication, multimedia, and measurement systems. Standards can simplify the design and construction of individual hardware and software components and help ensure satisfactory interoperability.

The journal includes the following key aspects:
• Provides information about activities and progress on the definition of computer standards, software quality, interfaces, and methods at national, European, and international levels;
• Publishes critical comments on standards and standards activities;
• Disseminates user experiences and case studies in the application and exploitation of established or emerging standards, interfaces, and methods;
• Offers a forum for discussion on actual projects, standards, interfaces, and methods by recognized experts;
• Stimulates relevant research by providing a specialized refereed medium.

《Computer Standards and Interfaces》期刊专注于软件质量、硬件和软件接口的定义、数字化过程以及这些领域内的公认标准。这些标准对于构建和利用复杂的计算、通信、多媒体和测量系统至关重要。标准可以简化单个硬件和软件组件的设计与构建，并帮助确保良好的互操作性。

本期刊的主要内容包括：
• 提供关于计算机标准、软件质量、接口和方法在国家、欧洲及国际层面上定义的活动和进展的信息；
• 发表对标准及其活动的批评性评论；
• 传播用户在应用和利用已建立或新兴标准、接口和方法方面的经验和案例研究；
• 为公认专家讨论实际项目、标准、接口和方法提供论坛；
• 通过提供一个专业的审稿平台，刺激相关研究的发展。

Category	Quartile
计算机科学	2
计算机科学, 计算机硬件	2
计算机科学, 计算机软件工程	2

Testability-Driven Development: An Improvement to the TDD Efficiency

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Journal Info

Category	Quartile
COMPUTER SCIENCE, SOFTWARE ENGINEERING	1