Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious public health challenge, projected by WHO to be one of the 7 leading cause of death by 2030. Medicinal plants have been demonstrated to be useful in DM local management because of polyphenols present in these plants. For an alternative treatment approach especially with polyphenols-rich herbs, knowledge of comparative efficacy of the polyphenols will lead to enhanced therapy especially in postprandial hyperglyceamic control. Materials and Methods:Vegetative parts of Anacardium occidentale, Abelmoschus ecsulentus and Ceiba pentandra, prominent in the local management of DM were identified, collected and subjected to alcoholic extraction. From the crude extracts were isolated agathisflavone, quercetin 3-O-glucoside, quercetin 3-O-diglycoside, mangiferin, isomangiferin and pentagalloyl glucose, belonging to flavonoid, xanthones and tannins structural classes. These polyphenols were evaluated for their potentials to inhibit both α-glucosidase and α-amylase. Physicochemical parameters of the polyphenols were evaluated and molecular docking experiments were carried out to gain insight into the observed inhibitory activity. Results: quercetin 3-O-glucosidewas the most potent of the polyphenols against the two enzymes. Increase in the number of phenolic hydroxyl group did not increase the inhibitory activity and neither computation of the binding energies with the enzymes nor physicochemical parameters of the polyphenols could explain the observed inhibitory activity against the enzymes, across the structural classes. Thus, only the bioassay against the enzymes α-glucosidase and α-amylase correlated well with the use of the plants in treating diabetic mellitus Conclusion: Medicinal plants rich in quercetin 3-O-glycoside may have better treatment outcomes in postprandial hyperglycaemia control.

Taiwo Josiah Bamigboye

Olujide Oludayo Olubiyi

Idowu J. Olawuni

Fanie R. Van Heerden

African Journal of Traditional Complementary and Alternative Medicines

The “African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines (AJTCAM)” is a peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary, international, scientific Open Access Journal that provides publication of articles on phytomedicines, ethnomedicines and veterinary ethnomedicines. The journal is published by a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) known as “African Traditional Herbal Medicine Supporters Initiative (ATHMSI)”. The Journal welcomes submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published approximately two-to-three months after acceptance

The African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines (AJTCAM) is a peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary international scientific Open Access Journal that focuses on the publication of articles related to phytomedicines, ethnomedicines, and veterinary ethnomedicines. It is published by a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) known as the African Traditional Herbal Medicine Supporters Initiative (ATHMSI). The journal welcomes submissions of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published approximately two to three months after acceptance.

《African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines (AJTCAM)》是一本经过同行评审的多学科国际科学开放获取期刊，专注于植物药、民族药和兽医民族药的研究。该期刊由非政府组织“非洲传统草药医学支持倡议（ATHMSI）”出版。期刊欢迎符合重要性和科学卓越性的一般标准的稿件提交。论文在接受后大约两到三个月内发表。

STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY-RELATIONSHIP OF THE POLYPHENOLS INHIBITION OF α-AMYLASE AND α-GLUCOSIDASE

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