The mobile data traffic has been exponentially growing during the last several decades.This was enabled by the densification of the network infrastructure in terms of increased cell density (i.e., Ultra-Dense Network (UDN)) and/or the increased number of active antennas per Access Point (AP) (i.e., massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (mMIMO)).However, neither UDN nor mMIMO will meet the increasing demand for the data rate of the Sixth Generation (6G) wireless communications due to the inter-cell interference and large quality-of-service variations.Cell-Free (CF) mMIMO, which combines the best aspects of UDN and mMIMO, is viewed as a key solution to this issue.In such systems, each User Equipment (UE) is served by a preferred set of surrounding APs cooperatively.In this paper, we provide a survey of the state-of-the-art literature on CF mMIMO.As a starting point, the significance and the basic properties of CF mMIMO are highlighted.We then present the canonical framework to discuss the essential details (i.e., transmission procedure and mathematical system model).Next, we provide a deep look at the resource allocation and signal processing problems related to CF mMIMO and survey the up-to-date schemes and algorithms.After that, we discuss the practical issues in implementing CF mMIMO and point out the potential future directions.Finally, we conclude this paper with a summary of the key lessons learned in this field.

Shuaifei Chen

Jiayi Zhang

Jing Zhang

Emil Björnson

Bo Ai

Digital Communications and Networks

DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKS 是一本经过同行评审的国际开放获取研究出版物，涵盖了通信系统和网络的各个方面。

Digital Communications and Networks is a peer-reviewed international open-access research journal that covers all aspects of communication systems and networks.

《Digital Communications and Networks》是一本经过同行评审的国际开放获取研究期刊，涵盖了通信系统和网络的各个方面。

A survey on user-centric cell-free massive MIMO systems

A survey of the state-of-the-art literature on CF mMIMO and a deep look at the resource allocation and signal processing problems related to CF mMIMO and survey the up-to-date schemes and algorithms are provided.

Category	Quartile
计算机科学	2
计算机科学, 电信学	3

A survey on user-centric cell-free massive MIMO systems

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