All renal transplant recipients should undergo a regular screening for BK viral (BKV) viremia. Gradual reduction of immunosuppression is recommended in patients with persistent plasma BKV viremia for 3 weeks after the first detection, reflecting the presence of probable or suspected BKV-associated nephropathy. Reduction of immunosuppression is also a primary intervention in biopsy proven nephropathy associated with BKV (BKVN). Thus, allograft biopsy is not required to treat patients with BKV viremia with stabilized graft function. There is a lack of proper randomised clinical trials recommending treatment in the form of switching from tacrolimus to cyclosporin-A, from mycophenolate to mTOR inhibitors or leflunomide, or the additive use of intravenous immunoglobulins, leflunomide or cidofovir. Fluoroquinolones are not recommended for prophylaxis or therapy. There are on-going studies to evaluate the possibility of using a multi-epitope anti-BKV vaccine, administration of BKV-specific T cell immunotherapy, BKV-specific human monoclonal antibody and RNA antisense oligonucleotides. Retransplantation after allograft loss due to BKVN can be successful if BKV viremia is definitively removed, regardless of allograft nephrectomy.

Ester Kurašová

Jakub Štěpán

Karel Krejčí

František Mrázek

Pavel Sauer

Jana Janečková

Tomáš Tichý

Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove Czech Republic)

Acta Medica (Hradec Králové) is a multidisciplinary medical journal published by the Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové - Karolinum Press, the publishing house of Charles University. The journal is peer-reviewed and published quarterly in both paper and electronic form. The language of Acta Medica is English. Offerings include review articles, original articles, brief communications, case reports, announcements and notices. The journal was founded in 1958 under the title "A Collection of Scientific Works of the Charles University Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove."

Acta Medica is a multidisciplinary medical journal published by the Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, under the Karolinum Press of Charles University. The journal is peer-reviewed and published quarterly in both print and electronic formats. The language of Acta Medica is English, and it includes review articles, original research, brief communications, case reports, announcements, and notices. Founded in 1958, it was originally titled 'A Collection of Scientific Works of the Charles University Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove.'

《Acta Medica》是由捷克赫拉德茨-克拉洛韦医学院出版的多学科医学期刊，出版单位为查理大学的Karolinum出版社。该期刊经过同行评审，每季度出版一次，提供纸质和电子版。期刊语言为英语，内容包括综述文章、原创研究、简报、病例报告、公告和通知。该期刊创办于1958年，最初名为《查理大学医学院科学著作集》。

Current Status, Prevention and Treatment of BK Virus Nephropathy

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