Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical state resulting from pathogenic conditions such as ischemic and toxic insults. The pathophysiology of AKI shares common pathogenic denominators including cell death/injury, inflammation, and fibrosis, regardless of the initiating insults. Recent clinical studies have shown that a single episode of AKI can lead to subsequent chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although the involvement of multiple types of cells in the pathophysiology of AKI is becoming increasingly clear, the precise mechanisms for this “AKI to CKD progression” are still unknown, and no drug has been shown to halt this progression. An increasing number of epidemiological studies have also revealed that the presence of aging greatly increases the risk of AKI to CKD progression, and chronic inflammation is increasingly recognized as an important determinant factor for this progression. In this review article, we first describe the current understanding of the pathophysiology of AKI to CKD progression based on multiple types of cells. In particular, we will highlight the recent findings in regard to the mechanisms for chronic inflammation after AKI. Subsequently, we will focus on the mechanisms responsible for the increased risk of AKI to CKD progression in the elderly. Finally, we highlight our recent finding of age-dependent tertiary lymphoid tissue formation and its roles in AKI to CKD progression and speculate on the potential therapeutic opportunities that come from targeting aberrant inflammation after AKI.

Yuki Sato

Motoko Yanagita

AJP Renal Physiology

美国生理学杂志 - 肾脏生理学发表关于基础科学和临床研究的及时主题的原始手稿。已发表的文章涉及与肾脏和泌尿道相关的广泛主题，可能涉及人类或动物模型、单个细胞类型和分离的膜系统。还涵盖了肾脏疾病过程的病理生理学基础、体液调节以及提供机制见解的临床研究。可以使用广泛的方法进行肾功能研究，例如生物化学、免疫学、遗传学、数学建模、分子生物学以及生理学和临床方法。

The American Journal of Physiology - Renal Physiology publishes original manuscripts on timely topics in basic science and clinical research related to the kidneys and urinary tract. Published articles cover a wide range of subjects, potentially involving human or animal models, individual cell types, and isolated membrane systems. The journal also addresses the pathophysiological basis of kidney disease processes, fluid regulation, and clinical studies that provide mechanistic insights. Various methods can be employed for renal function research, including biochemistry, immunology, genetics, mathematical modeling, molecular biology, as well as physiological and clinical approaches.

《American Journal of Physiology - Renal Physiology》发表关于基础科学和临床研究的原创性文章，涵盖与肾脏及泌尿系统相关的广泛主题。这些研究可能涉及人类或动物模型、单个细胞类型以及分离的膜系统。期刊还探讨肾脏疾病的病理生理学基础、体液调节，以及提供机制见解的临床研究。肾功能研究的方法多种多样，包括生物化学、免疫学、遗传学、数学建模、分子生物学，以及生理学和临床方法。

American Journal of Physiology - Renal Physiology

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

Immune cells and inflammation in AKI to CKD progression

The current understanding of the pathophysiology of AKI to CKD progression based on multiple types of cells is described and the recent findings in regard to the mechanisms for chronic inflammation after AKI are highlighted.

Category	Quartile
医学	2
医学, 生理学	2
医学, 泌尿学与肾脏学	2

Immune cells and inflammation in AKI to CKD progression

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Journal Info

Category	Quartile
UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY	1