The article comprises three main parts: a historical review on navigation, the mathematical basics for calculation and the clinical applications of navigation devices. Main historical steps are described from the first idea till the realisation of the frame-based and frameless navigation devices including robots. In particular the idea of robots can be traced back to the Iliad of Homer, the first testimony of European literature over 2500 years ago. In the second part the mathematical calculation of the mapping between the navigation and the image space is demonstrated, including different registration modalities and error estimations. The error of the navigation has to be divided into the technical error of the device calculating its own position in space, the registration error due to inaccuracies in the calculation of the transformation matrix between the navigation and the image space, and the application error caused additionally by anatomical shift of the brain structures during operation. In the third part the main clinical fields of application in modern neurosurgery are demonstrated, such as localisation of small intracranial lesions, skull-base surgery, intracerebral biopsies, intracranial endoscopy, functional neurosurgery and spinal navigation. At the end of the article some possible objections to navigation-aided surgery are discussed.

P Grunert

K Darabi

J Espinosa

R Filippi

Neurosurgical review

NEUROSURGICAL REVIEW 的目标是为神经外科当前问题的全面审查提供一个论坛。每期最多包含三篇评论，反映一个主题（疾病或手术方法）的所有重要方面。专家小组在同一问题中的评论完善了该主题。通过每期提供一个主题的全面报道，NEUROSURGICAL REVIEW 将专业期刊的话题性与专着的深入处理相结合。也欢迎高质量的原创论文。

The goal of Neurosurgical Review is to provide a forum for a comprehensive review of current issues in neurosurgery. Each issue contains up to three reviews that cover all important aspects of a specific topic (such as a disease or surgical method). The comments from a panel of experts further enhance the discussion on the topic. By providing a thorough report on a single theme in each issue, Neurosurgical Review combines the topicality of a professional journal with the in-depth treatment of a monograph. High-quality original papers are also welcome.

《Neurosurgical Review》的目标是为神经外科领域的当前问题提供一个全面审查的论坛。每期最多包含三篇评论，涵盖一个特定主题（如疾病或手术方法）的所有重要方面。专家小组的评论将进一步完善该主题。通过每期提供一个主题的全面报道，《Neurosurgical Review》将专业期刊的广泛性与专著的深入分析相结合。同时，我们也欢迎高质量的原创论文。

Neurosurgical Review

Neurosurg Rev

Computer-aided navigation in neurosurgery.

A historical review on navigation, the mathematical basics for calculation and the clinical applications of navigation devices including robots are reviewed, and some possible objections to navigation-aided surgery are discussed.

Category	Quartile
医学	3
医学, 临床神经病学	3
医学, 外科	3

Computer-aided navigation in neurosurgery.

ivySCI AI Smartly Parses PDF, Answers Researchers' Questions, and Helps You Understand Papers in Seconds

Journal Info