A vector field is piecewise smooth if its value jumps across a hypersurface, and a two-fold singularity is a point where the flow is tangent to the hypersurface from both sides. Two-folds are generic in piecewise smooth systems of three or more dimensions. We derive the local dynamics of all possible two-folds in three dimensions, including nonlinear effects around certain bifurcations, finding that they admit a flow exhibiting chaotic but nondeterministic dynamics. In cases where the flow passes through the two-fold, upon reaching the singularity it is unique in neither forward nor backward time, meaning the causal link between inward and outward dynamics is severed. In one scenario this occurs recurrently. The resulting flow makes repeated, but nonperiodic, excursions from the singularity, whose path and amplitude is not determined by previous excursions. We show that this behavior is robust and has many of the properties associated with chaos. Local geometry reveals that the chaotic behavior can be eliminated by varying a single parameter: the angular jump of the vector field across the two-fold.

Alessandro Colombo

Mike R. Jeffrey

SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems

SIAM JOURNAL ON APPLIED DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS (SIADS) 发表关于动力系统的数学分析和建模及其在物理、工程、生命和社会科学中的应用的研究文章。 SIADS 仅以电子格式发布。

The SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems (SIADS) publishes research articles on the mathematical analysis and modeling of dynamical systems and their applications in physics, engineering, life sciences, and social sciences. SIADS is published exclusively in electronic format.

SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems (SIADS) 发表关于动力系统的数学分析、建模及其在物理、工程、生命科学和社会科学中的应用研究文章。SIADS 仅以电子格式发布。

Nondeterministic Chaos, and the Two-fold Singularity in Piecewise Smooth Flows

The local dynamics of all possible two-folds in three dimensions are derived, including nonlinear effects around certain bifurcations, finding that they admit a flow exhibiting chaotic but nondeterministic dynamics.

Category	Quartile
数学	4
数学, 物理数学物理	3
数学, 应用数学	4

Nondeterministic Chaos, and the Two-fold Singularity in Piecewise Smooth Flows

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Category	Quartile
PHYSICS, MATHEMATICAL	2