Endometrial dysfunction is an important factor for implantation failure. The function of the endometrium is regulated by multiple factors like sex hormones and circadian rhythms. Endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) are a major cellular component in the endometrium, which is essential for proper physiological activities of the endometrium and the establishment of pregnancy. Melatonin, as a circadian-controlled hormone, plays beneficial roles in the regulation of reproductive processes. MT1, a melatonin receptor, can regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis. Whether melatonin-MT1 signal affects biological function of ESCs remains unknown. Here, we showed that MT1 was expressed in human ESCs (hESCs), which could be regulated by estrogen and progesterone. MT1 knockdown inhibited proliferative activity and promoted apoptosis of hESCs by activating caspase-3 and upregulating the Bax/Bcl2 ratio. Melatonin could reverse the effect of MT1 knockdown on proliferative activity and apoptosis of hESCs. Melatonin could promote proliferative activity of hESCs via the JNK/P38 signal pathway and repress the apoptosis of hESCs via the JNK signal pathway. Moreover, in vivo experiments showed that MT1 expression was decreased in endometrial cells from mice with disrupted circadian rhythm, accompanied by increased apoptosis and suppressed proliferative activity, which could be alleviated by administration of melatonin. These results showed the regulatory effect of melatonin-MT1 signal on biological behaviors of ESCs, which might provide a novel therapeutic strategy for endometrial dysfunction induced by disrupted circadian rhythm.

Liyuan Cui

Feng Xu

Zhuxuan Jiang

Songcun Wang

Xinyi Li

Yan Ding

Ying Zhang

Meirong Du

Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica

ACTA BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA SINICA (ABBS) 是由上海生物化学与细胞生物学研究所 (CAS) 主办的国际同行评审期刊。 ABBS旨在发表生物化学研究各个领域的原创研究文章和评论文章，包括蛋白质科学、核酸、分子生物学、细胞生物学、生物物理学、免疫学和信号转导等。

Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica (ABBS) is an international peer-reviewed journal sponsored by the Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (CAS). ABBS aims to publish original research articles and reviews in various fields of biochemistry, including protein science, nucleic acids, molecular biology, cell biology, biophysics, immunology, and signal transduction.

《Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica》（ABBS）是由上海生物化学与细胞生物学研究所（中国科学院）主办的国际同行评审期刊。ABBS旨在发表生物化学领域各个方面的原创研究文章和评论，包括蛋白质科学、核酸、分子生物学、细胞生物学、生物物理学、免疫学和信号转导等。

Melatonin regulates proliferation and apoptosis of endometrial stromal cells via MT1

Results showed the regulatory effect of melatonin-MT1 signal on biological behaviors of ESCs, which might provide a novel therapeutic strategy for endometrial dysfunction induced by disrupted circadian rhythm.

Category	Quartile
生物学	2
生物学, 生物物理	2
生物学, 生化与分子生物学	3

Melatonin regulates proliferation and apoptosis of endometrial stromal cells via MT1

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