There is a growing consensus that the neuropsychological underpinnings of developmental dyscalculia (DD) are a genetically determined disorder of ‘number sense’, a term denoting the ability to represent and manipulate numerical magnitude nonverbally on an internal number line. However, this spatially‐oriented number line develops during elementary school and requires additional cognitive components including working memory and number symbolization (language). Thus, there may be children with familial‐genetic DD with deficits limited to number sense and others with DD and comorbidities such as language delay, dyslexia, or attention‐deficit‐hyperactivity disorder. This duality is supported by epidemiological data indicating that two‐thirds of children with DD have comorbid conditions while one‐third have pure DD. Clinically, they differ according to their profile of arithmetic difficulties. fMRI studies indicate that parietal areas (important for number functions), and frontal regions (dominant for executive working memory and attention functions), are under‐activated in children with DD. A four‐step developmental model that allows prediction of different pathways for DD is presented. The core‐system representation of numerical magnitude (cardinality; step 1) provides the meaning of ‘number’, a precondition to acquiring linguistic (step 2), and Arabic (step 3) number symbols, while a growing working memory enables neuroplastic development of an expanding mental number line during school years (step 4). Therapeutic and educational interventions can be drawn from this model.

Michael G Von Aster

Ruth S Shalev

Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology

WILEY-BLACKWELL 很高兴出版发展医学和儿童神经病学 (DMCN)，这是 MAC KEITH 出版社的出版物，也是美国脑瘫和发育医学学会 (AACPDM) 和英国儿科神经病学协会 (BPNA) 的官方期刊。 超过 50多年来，DMCN定义了儿科神经病学和神经残疾领域，是整个儿科领域的世界领先期刊之一。 DMCN 在全球传播一系列信息，以改善残疾儿童及其家庭的生活。在接受之前，已发表文章的高质量是通过专家评审（包括独立的统计评估）来维持的。

WILEY-BLACKWELL is pleased to publish Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology (DMCN), a publication of MAC KEITH Press and the official journal of the American Academy for Cerebral Palsy and Developmental Medicine (AACPDM) and the British Paediatric Neurology Association (BPNA). For over 50 years, DMCN has defined the fields of paediatric neurology and neurodisability, establishing itself as one of the leading journals in the entire paediatric field. DMCN disseminates a wide range of information globally to improve the lives of children with disabilities and their families. The high quality of published articles is maintained through expert peer review, including independent statistical assessment.

WILEY-BLACKWELL 很高兴出版《Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology》（DMCN），这是 MAC KEITH 出版社的出版物，也是美国脑瘫和发育医学学会（AACPDM）和英国儿科神经病学协会（BPNA）的官方期刊。超过50年来，DMCN在儿科神经病学和神经残疾领域树立了标杆，是全球儿科领域的领先期刊之一。DMCN致力于传播信息，以改善残疾儿童及其家庭的生活。在接受之前，已发表文章的高质量是通过专家评审（包括独立的统计评估）来确保的。

Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology

Number development and developmental dyscalculia

A four‐step developmental model that allows prediction of different pathways for DD is presented and the core‐system representation of numerical magnitude provides the meaning of ‘number’, a precondition to acquiring linguistic and Arabic number symbols, while a growing working memory enables neuroplastic development of an expanding mental number line during school years.

Category	Quartile
医学	2
医学, 儿科	1
医学, 临床神经病学	2

Number development and developmental dyscalculia

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