Abstract In this paper, we examine the role of trust in the international climate negotiations. We (1) identify forms of trust inferred from institutional designs, (2) analyse effects of institutional design on social and political trust and (3) describe the relationship between social and political trust in international climate change negotiations. We do this by combining document analysis, literature review and interviews. We find that the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement imply different forms of trust and thereby produce different levels of trust. Social trust is generally medium to high, political trust rather low. Our analysis illustrates tensions and contradictions between human agency and intention, on the one hand, and political agency and process, on the other. These tensions and contradictions are such that, although delegates at the international climate conferences do at least partly trust each other, they meet in an institutional context that is marked by lack of political trust. Moving forward, we discuss whether this lack of trust is well‐founded or not given the current institutional and organisational structures of the UNFCCC and its subsequent agreements and what it is highlighting in terms of specific flaws or omissions in the UNFCCC's design.

Heike Schroeder

Felix Beyers

Niko Alexander Schäpke

Kathleen A. Mar

Christine Wamsler

Dorota Stasiak

Tim Lueschen

Carolin Fraude

Thomas Bruhn

Mark Lawrence

Environmental Policy and Governance

Environmental Policy and Governance is an international, inter-disciplinary journal affiliated with the European Society for Ecological Economics (ESEE). The journal seeks to advance interdisciplinary environmental research and its use to support novel solutions in environmental policy and governance. The journal publishes innovative, high quality articles which examine, or are relevant to, the environmental policies that are introduced by governments or the diverse forms of environmental governance that emerge in markets and civil society. The journal includes papers that examine how different forms of policy and governance emerge and exert influence at scales ranging from local to global and in diverse developmental and environmental contexts.

Environmental Policy and Governance is an international, interdisciplinary journal affiliated with the European Society for Ecological Economics (ESEE). The journal aims to advance interdisciplinary environmental research and its application to support innovative solutions in environmental policy and governance. It publishes innovative, high-quality articles that examine or are relevant to the environmental policies introduced by governments and the diverse forms of environmental governance that emerge in markets and civil society. The journal includes papers that investigate how different forms of policy and governance emerge and exert influence at scales ranging from local to global, in various developmental and environmental contexts.

《Environmental Policy and Governance》是一本国际性跨学科期刊，隶属于欧洲生态经济学会（ESEE）。该期刊旨在推动跨学科的环境研究，并将其应用于支持环境政策和治理的新解决方案。期刊发表创新且高质量的文章，这些文章探讨或与各国政府推出的环境政策及市场和公民社会中出现的各种环境治理形式相关。期刊涵盖的论文研究不同形式的政策和治理如何在地方到全球的不同层面上产生和施加影响，并在多样的发展和环境背景下进行分析。

Category	Quartile
社会学	3
社会学, 环境研究	3

The role of trust in the international climate negotiations

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Journal Info

Category	Quartile
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES	2