Using AVISO satellite altimeter observations during 1993-2015 and a manual eddy detection method, a total of 276 anticyclonic rings and 242 cyclonic rings shed from the Kuroshio Extension (KE) were identified, and their three-dimensional (3D) anomaly structures were further reconstructd based on the Argo float data and the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) cruise and buoy data through an interpolation method. It is found that the cyclonic (anticyclonic) rings presented consistent negative (positive) anomalies of potential temperature; meanwhile the relevant maximum anomaly center became increasingly shallow for the cyclonic rings whereas it went deeper for the anticyclonic rings as the potential temperature anomaly decreased from the west to the east. The above deepening or shoaling trend is associated with the zonal change of the depth of the main thermocline. Moreover, the composite cold ring between 140° and 150°E was found to exhibit a double-core vertical structure due to the existence of mode water with low potential vorticity. Specifically, a relatively large negative (positive) salinity anomaly and a small positive (negative) one appeared for the composite cyclonic (anticyclonic) ring at the depth above and below 600 m, respectively. The underlying driving force for the temperature and salinity anomaly of the composite rings was also attempted, which varies depending on the intensity of the background current and the temperature and salinity fields in different areas of the KE region, and the rings' influences on the temperature and salinity could reach deeper than 1 000 m on average.

Ya’nan Ding

Chunsheng Jing

Acta Oceanologica Sinica

《海洋学报》创刊于1982年，是中国海洋学会官方双月刊。它旨在为来自世界各地的海洋学领域的研究论文提供一个论坛。在促进学术交流的过程中，它以快速发表该领域内的高质量研究论文为主要目标。该杂志鼓励海洋学所有分支的投稿，包括海洋物理学、海洋化学、海洋地质学、海洋生物学、海洋水文学、海洋气象学、海洋工程、海洋遥感和海洋环境科学。它发表原创研究论文、评论文章以及涵盖海洋学全谱的研究笔记。还考虑了相关会议和会议产生的特殊问题。所有论文均需经过同行评审，并在 SPRINGERLINK 在线发表。

Acta Oceanologica Sinica, founded in 1982, is the official bimonthly journal of the Chinese Society of Oceanography. It aims to provide a forum for research papers in the field of oceanography from around the world, facilitating academic exchange. The journal's primary goal is to rapidly publish high-quality research papers, encouraging submissions from all branches of oceanography, including physical oceanography, chemical oceanography, geological oceanography, biological oceanography, hydrology, meteorology, ocean engineering, remote sensing, and marine environmental science. It publishes original research articles, review papers, and research notes covering the full spectrum of oceanography, and also considers special issues arising from relevant conferences. All papers undergo peer review and are published online in SPRINGERLINK.

《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》创刊于1982年，是中国海洋学会官方的双月刊。该期刊旨在为全球海洋学领域的研究论文提供一个交流平台，促进学术交流。期刊的主要目标是快速发表高质量的研究论文，鼓励海洋学各个分支的投稿，包括海洋物理学、海洋化学、海洋地质学、海洋生物学、海洋水文学、海洋气象学、海洋工程、海洋遥感和海洋环境科学。期刊发表原创研究论文、评论文章以及涵盖海洋学各个方面的研究笔记，并考虑相关会议及其产生的特殊问题。所有论文均需经过同行评审，并在SPRINGERLINK在线发表。

Category	Quartile
地球科学	3
地球科学, 海洋学	4

Three-dimensional thermohaline anomaly structures of rings in the Kuroshio Extension region

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