While health care professionals remain on high alert for COVID-19 and all its variants, many pediatricians also witnessed a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) surge this past summer, typically a winter illness.1 Now that winter is almost here, this is what you should know about pneumonia. A majority of CAP is viral, including influenza, RSV, enterovirus, and others, but we have to remember the bacterial causes that include Streptococcus pneumonia, Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus group A. CAP is one of the most common serious infections in children and is responsible for a significant number of outpatient visits and hospitalizations.2 Many patients present with fever and cough, so how do you decide who has pneumonia and who should be treated with antibiotics? Jana Carnazzo is on the editorial advisory board of Contemporary Pediatrics®, an assistant clinical professor at Creighton University School of Medicine, and a pediatrician with Children's Physicians in Omaha, Nebraska.

How to correctly diagnose and treat community-acquired pneumonia

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