During evolution, most of the bacterial genes from the ancestral endosymbiotic alpha-proteobacteria at the origin of mitochondria have been either lost or transferred to the nuclear genome. A crucial evolutionary step was the establishment of macromolecule import systems to allow the come back of proteins and RNAs into the organelle. Paradoxically, the few mitochondria-encoded protein genes remain essential and must be translated by a mitochondrial translation machinery mainly constituted by nucleus-encoded components. Two crucial partners of the mitochondrial translation machinery are the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and the tRNAs. All mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and many tRNAs are imported from the cytosol into the mitochondria in eukaryotic cells. During the last few years, their origin and their import into the organelle have been studied in evolutionary distinct organisms and we review here what is known in this field.

Anne-Marie Duchêne

Claire Pujol

Laurence Maréchal-Drouard

Current genetics

CURRENT GENETICS 发表真核和原核微生物和细胞器的遗传、基因组、分子和系统级分析。所有文章均经过同行评审。该杂志欢迎采用任何类型的研究方法提交，无论是分析（旨在更好地理解）、应用（旨在实际应用）、合成或理论。CURRENT GENETICS 不再接受描述线粒体/叶绿体基因组序列的手稿少数种类。仍将考虑涵盖包含大量物种的序列比较和分析的手稿。

CURRENT GENETICS publishes genetic, genomic, molecular, and systems-level analyses of eukaryotic and prokaryotic microorganisms and organelles. All articles undergo peer review. The journal welcomes submissions employing any type of research methodology, whether analytical (aimed at better understanding), applied (aimed at practical application), synthetic, or theoretical. CURRENT GENETICS no longer accepts manuscripts that solely describe mitochondrial or chloroplast genome sequences, but will still consider manuscripts covering sequence comparisons and analyses involving a large number of species.

CURRENT GENETICS 发表关于真核生物和原核生物及其细胞器的遗传、基因组、分子和系统级分析。所有文章均经过同行评审。该杂志欢迎采用各种研究方法的投稿，无论是分析性研究（旨在深入理解）、应用性研究（旨在实际应用）、综合性研究还是理论研究。CURRENT GENETICS 不再接受仅描述线粒体或叶绿体基因组序列的手稿，但仍会考虑涉及大量物种的序列比较和分析的手稿。

Current Genetics

Curr Genet

Import of tRNAs and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases into mitochondria.

All mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and many tRNAs are imported from the cytosol into the mitochondria in eukaryotic cells and their origin and their import into the organelle have been studied in evolutionary distinct organisms.

Category	Quartile
生物学	4
生物学, 遗传学	4

Import of tRNAs and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases into mitochondria.

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