Syrjänen S. Current concepts on human papillomavirus infections in children. APMIS 2010; 118: 494–509. Current evidence is strong enough to conclude that human papillomavirus (HPV) can be transmitted both sexually and non‐sexually. The debate on HPV infections in children still continues but it is more focused on HPV prevalence than on transmission modes. HPV DNA detection in amniotic fluid, foetal membranes, cord blood and placental trophoblastic cells all suggest HPV infection in utero , i.e. prenatal transmission. Based on recent meta‐analysis, vertical transmission occurs in approximately 20% of cases. Most of the mucosal HPV infections in infants are incident, persistent infections in oral and genital mucosa being found in less than 10% and 2% respectively. The mother seems to be the main transmitter of HPV to her newborn, but subsequent HPV infections are acquired horizontally via saliva or other contacts. Bimodal peak prevalence is seen for skin warts, oral papillomas and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) in younger and older age groups, suggesting similar epidemiology. Of the clinical HPV diseases, juvenile‐onset‐RRP and genital condylomata are problematic; the former because of its life‐threatening potential and the latter because of possible sexual abuse. HPV6 and 11 are the most common genotypes in both the lesions. Early in life, infections by the high‐risk HPV genotypes may also remain persistent for a considerable period, and should be of considerable importance for HPV vaccination strategies.

STINA SYRJÄNEN

Apmis

APMIS，前身为 ACTA PATHOLOGICA, MICROBIOLOGICA ET IMMUNOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA，自 1924 年以来一直由斯堪的纳维亚医学微生物学和病理学会作为非营利性科学期刊出版。

APMIS, formerly known as ACTA PATHOLOGICA, MICROBIOLOGICA ET IMMUNOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, has been published as a non-profit scientific journal by the Scandinavian Society for Medical Microbiology and Pathology since 1924.

APMIS（前身为 ACTA PATHOLOGICA, MICROBIOLOGICA ET IMMUNOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA）自1924年以来由斯堪的纳维亚医学微生物学和病理学会以非营利性科学期刊的形式出版。

APMIS

Current concepts on human papillomavirus infections in children

Syrjänen S. current concepts on human papillomavirus infections in children and how they are influenced by vaccination and other factors are investigated.

Category	Quartile
医学	4
医学, 病理学	3
医学, 免疫学	4
医学, 微生物学	4

Current concepts on human papillomavirus infections in children

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