Abstract Conformal electronic devices on freeform surface play a critical role in the emerging smart robotics, smart skins, and integrated sensing systems. However, their functional structures such as circuits tend to tear-off, break, or crack under mechanical or thermal influence when in service, thus limiting the application reliability of conformal electronics. Herein, inspired by the tree root system, template-confined additive (TCA) printing technology was presented for reliable fabrication of robust circuits. TCA printing technology involves the penetration of adhesive into the functional material, thereby enhancing the mechanical robustness of the circuits, allowing them to maintain their electrical performance despite the presence of external damaging factors such as scratching, abrasion, folding, and high temperatures. For example, herein, the circuits could withstand mechanical abrasion at temperatures as high as 350 °C without compromising electrical properties. Benefiting from the confines of template, the printed circuits achieved resolutions of up to 300 nm, suitable for various materials such as P(VDF-TrFE), MWCNTs, and AgNPs, which enabled the multi-material self-aligned fabrication. Furthermore, the versatility of TCA printing was presented by fabricating circuits on arbitrary substrates, and realizing various devices, such as conformal temperature/humidity sensing system and epidermal ultra-thin energy storage system. These applications present the significant potential of TCA printing in fabricating intelligent devices.

Guifang Liu

Xiangming Li

Yangfan Qiu

Chuanhang Zeng

Xinkai Zhu

Chao Wang

Xiaoliang Chen

Chunhui Wang

Hongmiao Tian

Jinyou Shao

Microsystems & Nanoengineering

MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 发表有关微纳机电系统 (MEMS/NEMS) 和与 MEMS/NEMS 相关的纳米工程最新方面的原创研究文章和评论。该杂志将涵盖微米和纳米尺度的设备和系统的新设计（理论、建模和模拟）、制造、表征、可靠性和应用。纳米工程 MEMS/NEMS 也将在本期刊的出版范围内。

The journal "Microsystems and Nanoengineering" publishes original research articles and reviews on the latest aspects of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS) and related nanoengineering. It covers new designs (theory, modeling, and simulation), manufacturing, characterization, reliability, and applications of devices and systems at the micro and nano scales. Research in nanoengineering related to MEMS/NEMS is also included within the scope of this journal.

《Microsystems and Nanoengineering》期刊发表关于微纳机电系统（MEMS/NEMS）及相关纳米工程领域的原创研究文章和评论。该期刊涵盖微米和纳米尺度设备和系统的新设计（包括理论、建模和模拟）、制造、表征、可靠性和应用等方面。纳米工程在MEMS/NEMS领域的研究也在本期刊的出版范围之内。

Category	Quartile
工程技术	1
工程技术, 仪器仪表	1
工程技术, 纳米科技	2

Root-inspired, template-confined additive printing for fabricating high-robust conformal electronics

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Journal Info

Category	Quartile
NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY	1