Road traffic is largely defined by clear rules and laws. However, there are certain situations that are ambiguous and in which explicit communication between road users is needed to resolve such misjudgements or ambiguities. Especially hand gestures can be used to coordinate traffic by conveying different intentions, which refer to one's own behaviour or the change in the behaviour of others. This paper aims to identify such gestures focusing on the pedestrian-driver communication. The paper follows two approaches: Firstly, an experimental study (N = 20) was conducted analysing gestures in predetermined scenarios in a virtual and real environment. Secondly, traffic observations were conducted to analyse and compare natural occurring gestures with those identified in the study. As a result, 18 relevant pedestrian gestures were identified. The type of gestures and the expressiveness of the execution did not differ between the virtual or real study environment. From this, it can be concluded that the virtual environment is an appropriate study environment for identifying and analysing gestures. Furthermore, the type of gestures did not differ between the experimental study and the traffic observations, but the naturally occurring gestures were executed less expressively compared to those from the study. Finally, the paper presents a suitable approach on how pedestrian gestures can be studied and provides a foundation for further research on the communication between pedestrians and automated vehicles (AVs).

Thomas Brand

Marcus Schmitz

Applied Ergonomics

应用人体工程学面向人体工程学专家和所有有兴趣在工作或休闲的技术和社会系统的设计、规划和管理中应用人体工程学/人为因素的人。读者群是真正的国际化，订阅者遍布 50 多个国家。对应用人体工程学感兴趣的专业人士包括：人体工程学专家、设计师、工业工程师、健康和安全专家、系统工程师、设计工程师、组织心理学家、职业健康专家和人机交互专家。

Applied Ergonomics is a journal aimed at ergonomics experts and anyone interested in applying ergonomics and human factors in the design, planning, and management of technical and social systems in both work and leisure contexts. Its readership is genuinely international, with subscribers from over 50 countries. Professionals interested in applied ergonomics include ergonomists, designers, industrial engineers, health and safety experts, systems engineers, design engineers, organizational psychologists, occupational health specialists, and human-computer interaction experts.

《Applied Ergonomics》是一本面向人体工程学专家及所有对在工作或休闲的技术和社会系统中应用人体工程学和人为因素感兴趣的人的期刊。它的读者群体具有国际化特征，订阅者遍布50多个国家。对应用人体工程学感兴趣的专业人士包括：人体工程学专家、设计师、工业工程师、健康与安全专家、系统工程师、设计工程师、组织心理学家、职业健康专家以及人机交互专家。

Category	Quartile
工程技术	2
工程技术, 工程工业	3
工程技术, 人体工程学	3
工程技术, 心理学应用	3

Identifying hand gestures for pedestrian-driver communication

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Journal Info

Category	Quartile
PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED	2