Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanomaterials have garnered extensive scientific interest since 1972 and have been widely used in many areas, such as sustainable energy generation and the removal of environmental pollutants. Although TiO2 possesses the desired performance in utilizing ultraviolet light, its overall solar activity is still very limited because of a wide bandgap (3.0–3.2 eV) that cannot make use of visible light or light of longer wavelength. This phenomenon is a deficiency for TiO2 with respect to its potential application in visible light photocatalysis and photoelectrochemical devices, as well as photovoltaics and sensors. The high overpotential, sluggish migration, and rapid recombination of photogenerated electron/hole pairs are crucial factors that restrict further application of TiO2. Recently, a broad range of research efforts has been devoted to enhancing the optical and electrical properties of TiO2, resulting in improved photocatalytic activity. This review mainly outlines state-of-the-art modification strategies in optimizing the photocatalytic performance of TiO2, including the introduction of intrinsic defects and foreign species into the TiO2 lattice, morphology and crystal facet control, and the development of unique mesocrystal structures. The band structures, electronic properties, and chemical features of the modified TiO2 nanomaterials are clarified in detail along with details regarding their photocatalytic performance and various applications.

Xiaolan Kang

Sihang Liu

Zideng Dai

Yunping He

Xuezhi Song

Zhenquan Tan

Catalysts

CATALYSTS (ISSN 2073-4344) 是催化剂和催化反应的国际开放获取期刊。 CATALYSTS 发表评论、定期研究论文（文章）和简短的交流。我们的目标是鼓励科学家尽可能详细地发表他们的实验和理论结果。因此，对论文的长度没有限制。必须提供完整的实验细节，以便重现结果。

"Catalysts" (ISSN 2073-4344) is an international open-access journal focused on catalysts and catalytic reactions. The journal publishes comments, regular research papers, and brief communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to share their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible; therefore, there is no limit on the length of papers. Authors must provide complete experimental details to allow for the reproducibility of results.

《Catalysts》（ISSN 2073-4344）是一本国际开放获取期刊，专注于催化剂及其催化反应。期刊发表评论、定期研究论文和简短交流。我们的目标是鼓励科学家尽可能详细地分享他们的实验和理论结果，因此对论文的长度没有限制。作者必须提供完整的实验细节，以便他人能够重现结果。

Category	Quartile
化学	3
化学, 物理化学	4

Titanium Dioxide: From Engineering to Applications

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Journal Info

Category	Quartile
CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL	2