Earlier reviews on fracture and friction, as well as relevant monographs (e.g., “Theory of Earthquake Premonitory and Fracture Processes” by R. Teisseyre), presented the knowledge accumulated at that time. By putting emphasis on the physics of these phenomena, the present review summarizes the experimental and theoretical advances that have been achieved during the last years. This is preceded, in the description of each phenomenon, by a careful inspection of the problems envisaged in the frame of the earlier aspects. As a first example, we refer to the recent experiments which demonstrate that the cracks cannot accelerate up to the Rayleigh wave speed predicted by classic theories. Secondly, contrary to what had been thought previously, the most recent theoretical models of the crack propagation are intrinsically unstable against Yoffe-like deflections (i.e., deviations of the crack motion from a straight line) at all speeds. Recent laboratory experiments shed light on what happens during individual slip events in stick-slip phenomena (e.g., the frictional force is larger for increasing than for decreasing velocity within individual events due to memory effects). Furthermore, measurements on laboratory scale reveal that the frequency of precursor events increases dramatically just before a major slip event (even when studying the friction between relatively smooth solids like). The latter effect is primarily due to defects (or disorder, in general), which are shown to play a major role in both phenomena investigated.

Fracture and friction: A review

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