The reference electrode's performance is essential for ensuring the accuracy of electrochemical sensors in marine environments. Yet, the many existing reference electrodes can exhibit sensitivity to salinity variations, potentially leading to inaccuracies in the measurement process. Herein, we have designed a reliable solid-state reference electrode by introducing SiOx-stabilized 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl)imide ([C8mim+] [Ntf2–]) into a P(VdF-co-HFP) matrix with a SPEEK/[C8mim+] [Ntf2–] coated Ag/AgCl as substrate. The SPEEK/[C8mim+] [Ntf2–] coating protects the AgCl substrate, and the incorporation of SiOx improves the compatibility of the IL with the polymer matrix, thereby increasing the electrode's resistance to interference and extending its long-term stability and lifespan. The developed reference electrode showed a stable and rapid response, with potential variations of less than 0.7 mV across various salinity solutions, including practical seawater, lake water, and their mixture samples. During extended periods of 18 days in deionized water and artificial seawater, the electrode demonstrated negligible potential drifts of 0.36 and 0.14 mV/d, respectively. Notably, the electrode could maintain a stable potential even after being stored in a preservative solution for 67 days. Furthermore, the electrode showed a stable response to withstand pressures of up to 100 MPa, covering the vast majority of the seafloor. This innovative reference electrode is capable of maintaining a stable reference potential across various salinities, ionic strength, and full ocean depth, making it versatile for use in diverse aquatic environments, underscoring its significant potential for advancing oceanographic research and enabling new insights into the unexplored depths of oceans.

Yunwen Shen

Yuankai Lu

Huixiu Mao

Dan Zhao

Wei-Jun Cai

Yiwen Pan

ACS Sensors

ACS SENSORS 是一份经过同行评审的研究期刊，致力于传播有关选择性感知化学或生物物种或过程的传感器科学各个方面的新知识和原创知识。文章可能涉及适用于多种类型分析物的传感概念进展，或报告以新方式或新分析物使用现有传感概念的应用论文。申请文件应展示传感器在复杂样品中的使用，证明其适用，并展示传感器性能与现有分析方法的相关性。论文可能侧重于传感器的商业化开发或开发用于提供新科学知识的传感器。文章可能完全是关于传感的理论，也可能报告实验结果。

ACS SENSORS is a peer-reviewed research journal dedicated to disseminating new and original knowledge in all aspects of sensor science related to the selective detection of chemical or biological species or processes. Articles may cover advancements in sensing concepts applicable to various analytes or report applications of existing sensing concepts using new approaches or analytes. Submitted manuscripts should demonstrate the use of sensors in complex samples, establish their applicability, and relate sensor performance to existing analytical methods. Papers may focus on the commercialization of sensors or the development of sensors aimed at providing new scientific insights. Articles may be purely theoretical regarding sensing or may report experimental results.

ACS SENSORS 是一本经过同行评审的研究期刊，专注于传播关于选择性感知化学或生物物种及其过程的传感器科学的最新研究成果和原创性知识。文章可能涉及适用于多种类型分析物的传感概念的进展，或报告以新方式或新分析物使用现有传感概念的应用研究。提交的论文应展示传感器在复杂样品中的应用，证明其适用性，并展示传感器性能与现有分析方法之间的相关性。论文可以专注于传感器的商业化开发，或开发用于提供新科学知识的传感器。文章内容可能完全是关于传感的理论研究，也可能报告实验结果。

Category	Quartile
化学	1
化学, 分析化学	1
化学, 化学综合	2
化学, 纳米科技	2

Long-Term Stable Reference Electrodes with High-Pressure Tolerance and Salinity-Independence

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Journal Info

Category	Quartile
NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY	1