While the COVID-19 crisis is still ongoing, a new public health threat has emerged with recent outbreaks of monkeypox (mpox) infections in Africa. Mass vaccination is not currently recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), and antiviral treatments are yet to be specifically approved for mpox, although existing FDA-approved drugs (Tecovirimat, Brincidofovir, and Cidofovir) may be used in severe cases or for immunocompromised patients. A first-line of defense is thus drug repurposing, which was heavily attempted against SARS-CoV-2 - albeit with limited success. This review focuses on nucleoside analogues as promising antiviral candidates for targeting of the viral DNA-dependent DNA polymerase. In contrast to broad-spectrum screening approaches employed for SARS-CoV-2, we emphasize the importance of understanding the structural specificity of viral polymerases for rational selection of potential candidates. By comparing DNA-dependent DNA polymerases with other viral polymerases, we highlight the unique features that influence the efficacy and selectivity of nucleoside analogues. These structural insights provide a framework for the preselection, repurposing, optimization, and design of nucleoside analogues, aiming to accelerate the development of targeted antiviral therapies for mpox and other viral infections.

Ashleigh Shannon

Bruno Canard

Antiviral Research

ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH 发表关于控制人类和动物病毒感染的研究报告、简短通讯、评论文章和评论。其范围包括：抗病毒药物、抗体和宿主反应调节剂，包括它们的合成、体外和体内测试以及作用机制；针对人类病毒感染的新的或改进的疫苗；药物和疫苗安全性评估；耐药病毒或疫苗耐药病毒的进化和有效对策的制定；新药靶点的识别和验证；病毒性疾病的实验动物模型；病毒性疾病的发病机制和病毒逃避宿主免疫反应的机制。

The journal "Antiviral Research" publishes research reports, short communications, review articles, and commentaries on the control of human and animal viral infections. Its scope includes: antiviral drugs, antibodies, and host response modulators, including their synthesis, in vitro and in vivo testing, and mechanisms of action; new or improved vaccines for human viral infections; safety assessments of drugs and vaccines; the evolution of drug-resistant viruses or vaccine-resistant viruses and the development of effective countermeasures; identification and validation of new drug targets; experimental animal models of viral diseases; and mechanisms of viral diseases and how viruses evade host immune responses.

《Antiviral Research》期刊发表关于控制人类和动物病毒感染的研究报告、简短通讯、评论文章及综述。其研究范围包括：抗病毒药物、抗体及宿主反应调节剂的合成、体外和体内测试及作用机制；针对人类病毒感染的新型或改进疫苗；药物和疫苗的安全性评估；耐药病毒或疫苗耐药病毒的进化及有效对策的制定；新药靶点的识别与验证；病毒性疾病的实验动物模型；病毒性疾病的发病机制及病毒逃避宿主免疫反应的机制。

Category	Quartile
医学	2
医学, 药学	2
医学, 病毒学	2

Nucleotide analogues and Mpox : Repurposing the repurposable

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