Driving is a multifaceted activity involving a complex interplay of cognitive, perceptual, and motor skills, demanding continuous attention on the road. In recent years, the increased integration of automation and digitalization technologies in vehicles has improved drivers' convenience and safety. However, the spare attentional capacity available during automation and the prevalence of various infotainment systems in vehicles enable drivers to perform some secondary tasks not related to driving, which may divert their attention away from the road, increasing the chances of accidents. The objective of the present study is to conduct a comprehensive systematic review of existing literature utilizing an eye tracker to analyze driver distraction due to automation and/or digitalization in motorized vehicles, with a focus on identifying the key factors leading to visual distraction. Through a literature search on five databases: Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science, a total of 4769 articles were initially identified. After a systematic screening, 65 research articles are considered for the review. The findings of the study indicate an increase in the research conducted on driver distraction due to automation and/or digitalization over recent years, with the highest contribution of studies from the United States and China. The lack of studies from other parts of the world like South America, Africa and the limited representation from larger parts of Asia, specifically India, highlights the need for future research in the area. Studies report a diversion in drivers' visual attention away from the roadway, in terms of long and frequent off-road glances, while engaging in secondary tasks during automation and/or digitalization. Studies also demonstrate changes in the pattern of drivers' visual attention with respect to different factors like HMI information, type of secondary task, type of input modality, in-vehicle display characteristics, and vehicle automation. Studies have also found success in using feedback to reduce visual distraction and to bring back drivers' attention on the roads. In light of the findings observed, the review provides a discussion on the effects of automation and/or digitalization technologies on drivers' visual attention. The study also highlights the areas that are not explored despite the wealth of research available on the topic.

Neelima C Vijay

Amit Agarwal

Kamini Gupta

Accident Analysis & Prevention

Accident Analysis & Prevention provides wide coverage of the general areas relating to accidental injury and damage, including the pre-injury and immediate post-injury phases. Published papers deal with medical, legal, economic, educational, behavioral, theoretical or empirical aspects of transportation accidents, as well as with accidents at other sites. Selected topics within the scope of the Journal may include: studies of human, environmental and vehicular factors influencing the occurrence, type and severity of accidents and injury; the design, implementation and evaluation of countermeasures; biomechanics of impact and human tolerance limits to injury; modelling and statistical analysis of accident data; policy, planning and decision-making in safety.

Accident Analysis and Prevention provides comprehensive coverage of various aspects related to accidental injuries and damages, including the pre-injury and immediate post-injury phases. The published papers address medical, legal, economic, educational, behavioral, theoretical, or empirical aspects of transportation accidents, as well as accidents occurring in other contexts. Selected topics within the scope of the journal may include studies on human, environmental, and vehicular factors influencing the occurrence, type, and severity of accidents and injuries; the design, implementation, and evaluation of countermeasures; the biomechanics of impact and human tolerance limits to injury; modeling and statistical analysis of accident data; and policy, planning, and decision-making in safety.

《Accident Analysis and Prevention》期刊广泛涵盖与意外伤害和损害相关的各个领域，包括伤害发生前和伤害发生后的初步阶段。发表的论文涉及交通事故以及其他场所事故的医学、法律、经济、教育、行为、理论或实证方面。期刊的选定主题可能包括：影响事故发生、类型和严重程度的人类、环境和车辆因素的研究；对对策的设计、实施和评估；冲击生物力学和人类对伤害的耐受极限；事故数据的建模和统计分析；安全领域的政策、规划和决策。

Category	Quartile
工程技术	1
工程技术, 人体工程学	1
工程技术, 公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生	1
工程技术, 社会科学跨领域	1
工程技术, 交通运输	1

Do automation and digitalization distract drivers? A systematic review

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