In recent years, the field of 3D bioprinting has witnessed the intriguing development of a new type of bioink known as microbial inks. Bioinks, typically associated with mammalian cells, have been reimagined to involve microbes, enabling many new applications beyond tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. This review presents the latest advancements in microbial inks, including their definition, types, composition, salient characteristics, and biomedical applications. Herein, microbes are genetically engineered to produce 1) extrudable bioink and 2) life-like functionalities such as self-regeneration, self-healing, self-regulation, biosynthesis, biosensing, biosignaling, biosequestration, etc. We also discuss some of the promising applications of 3D extrusion printed microbial inks, such as 1) drugs and probiotics delivery, 2) metabolite production, 3) tissue engineering, 4) bioremediation, 5) biosensors and bioelectronics, 6) biominerals and biocomposites, and 7) infectious disease modeling. Finally, we describe some of the current challenges of microbial inks that needs to be addressed in the coming years, to make a greater impact in health science and technology and many other fields.

Nicolas Burns

Arjun Rajesh

Avinash Manjula-Basavanna

Anna Duraj-Thatte

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

该杂志的目的是为先进的药物和基因传递系统及其在人类和兽医学中的应用提供一个批判性分析的论坛。该杂志范围广泛，涵盖了从给药到特定部位递送的有效药物和基因递送的关键问题。一般而言，该杂志以主题问题格式发表评论文章。每个主题问题都对有关先进药物和基因传递系统的设计和开发及其在实验和临床治疗中的应用的当前和新兴研究进行了全面而严格的审查。目的是说明多学科方法对现代药物递送的关键作用，包括将合理的生物和物理化学原理应用于药物递送系统的工程，以满足手头的治疗需求。重要的是，ADDR 的编辑团队要求作者有效地打开大量文献，挑选重要贡献并解释其重要性，对该领域面临的挑战进行前瞻性识别，并在结论部分提供专家建议以解决这些问题. 文章回顾了特定主题的现状，同时强调确定成功的药物和基因传递的主要概念和技术挑战，评估当前概念和技术方法的胜利和不足，并讨论他们可能的解决方案。

The journal "Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews" aims to provide a critical forum for the analysis of advanced drug and gene delivery systems and their applications in human and veterinary medicine. It covers a wide range of key issues related to effective drug and gene delivery, from administration to targeted delivery. Generally, the journal publishes review articles in a thematic issue format. Each thematic issue provides a comprehensive and rigorous review of current and emerging research related to the design and development of advanced drug and gene delivery systems and their applications in experimental and clinical therapies. The goal is to illustrate the critical role of multidisciplinary approaches in modern drug delivery, including the application of sound biological and physicochemical principles in the engineering of drug delivery systems to meet current therapeutic needs. Importantly, the editorial team of "Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews" requires authors to effectively sift through a vast amount of literature, select significant contributions, and explain their importance, proactively identifying challenges faced by the field and providing expert recommendations in the conclusion to address these issues. Articles review the current state of specific topics while emphasizing the main concepts and technical challenges for successful drug and gene delivery, evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of current concepts and technical approaches, and discussing possible solutions.

《Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews》旨在为先进的药物和基因传递系统及其在人类和兽医学中的应用提供一个批判性分析的论坛。该期刊涵盖了从给药到特定部位递送的有效药物和基因递送的关键问题。一般而言，期刊以主题问题的形式发表评论文章。每个主题问题都对有关先进药物和基因传递系统的设计、开发及其在实验和临床治疗中的应用的当前和新兴研究进行了全面而严格的审查。期刊的目标是说明多学科方法在现代药物递送中的关键作用，包括将合理的生物和物理化学原理应用于药物递送系统的工程，以满足当前的治疗需求。重要的是，《Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews》的编辑团队要求作者有效地梳理大量文献，挑选出重要贡献并解释其重要性，前瞻性地识别该领域面临的挑战，并在结论部分提供专家建议以解决这些问题。文章回顾了特定主题的现状，同时强调成功的药物和基因传递的主要概念和技术挑战，评估当前概念和技术方法的优缺点，并讨论可能的解决方案。

Category	Quartile
医学	1
医学, 药学	1

3D extrusion bioprinting of microbial inks for biomedical applications

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Journal Info

Category	Quartile
PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY	1