Antibiotic resistance by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an urgent threat to human health. The biofilm and persister cells formation ability of MRSA and Staphylococcus epidermidis often companied with extremely high antimicrobial resistance. Pinaverium bromide (PVB) is an antispasmodic compound mainly used for irritable bowel syndrome. Here we demonstrate that PVB could rapidly kill MRSA and S. epidermidis planktonic cells and persister cells avoiding resistance occurrence. Moreover, by crystal violet staining, viable cells counting and SYTO9/PI staining, PVB exhibited strong biofilm inhibition and eradication activities on the 96-well plates, glass surface or titanium discs. And the synergistic antimicrobial effects were observed between PVB and conventional antibiotics (ampicillin, oxacillin, and cefazolin). Mechanism study demonstrated the antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects by PVB were mainly mediated by proton motive force disrupting as well as reactive oxygen species inducing. Although, relatively poor pharmacokinetics were observed by systemic use, PVB could significantly reduce the viable bacterial cell loads and inflammatory infiltration in abscess in vivo caused by the biofilm forming strain ATCC 43,300. In all, our results indicated that PVB could be an alternative antimicrobial reagent for the treatment of MRSA, S. epidermidis and its biofilm related skin and soft tissue infections.

She Pengfei

Yang Yifan

Liu Shasha

Guo Shaowei

Huan Guanqing

Xiao Dan

Wu Yong

AMB Express

AMB EXPRESS 是一本高质量的期刊，汇集了应用和工业微生物学领域的研究，尤其对“白色生物技术”和“红色生物技术”感兴趣。重点是使用微生物、真核细胞培养物或酶进行化合物生物合成、转化和降解的过程。这包括精细和散装化学品、聚合物和酶或其他蛋白质。还考虑了下游过程。还公布了结合生化和化学过程的综合过程。

AMB Express is a high-quality journal that focuses on research in the fields of applied and industrial microbiology, with particular interest in 'white biotechnology' and 'red biotechnology.' The journal emphasizes the use of microorganisms, eukaryotic cell cultures, or enzymes for the biosynthesis, transformation, and degradation of compounds. This includes studies on fine and bulk chemicals, polymers, and enzymes or other proteins. The journal also considers downstream processes and publishes integrated research that combines biochemical and chemical processes.

AMB Express 是一本高质量的期刊，专注于应用和工业微生物学领域的研究，特别关注“白色生物技术”和“红色生物技术”。期刊的重点是利用微生物、真核细胞培养物或酶进行化合物的生物合成、转化和降解。这包括精细化学品、散装化学品、聚合物以及酶或其他蛋白质的相关研究。同时，期刊也关注下游过程，并发布结合生化和化学过程的综合研究成果。

Category	Quartile
生物学	3
生物学, 生物工程与应用微生物	3

Repurposing pinaverium bromide against Staphylococcus and its biofilms with new mechanisms

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Journal Info

Category	Quartile
BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY	2