ADVANCES IN PHYSICS 发表专家对凝聚态物理学家感兴趣和重要的主题的权威评论。它适用于对期刊领域有基本知识的积极读者，旨在从作者的角度引出所审查主题的要点。该期刊的范围包括凝聚态物理和统计力学：广义上包括与量子信息、冷原子、软物质物理和生物物理学的重叠。读者群：大学、工业和研究机构的物理学家、材料科学家和物理化学家。

The journal "Advances in Physics" publishes authoritative reviews on important topics of interest to condensed matter physicists. It is aimed at actively engaged readers who possess a fundamental understanding of the field, providing insights from the authors' perspectives. The scope of the journal includes condensed matter physics and statistical mechanics, broadly encompassing overlaps with quantum information, cold atoms, soft matter physics, and biophysics. The readership primarily consists of physicists, materials scientists, and physical chemists from universities, industry, and research institutions.

《Advances in Physics》期刊发表关于凝聚态物理学领域重要主题的权威评论，旨在为具备基本知识的读者提供深入的见解。期刊内容涵盖凝聚态物理和统计力学，广泛涉及量子信息、冷原子、软物质物理和生物物理学等交叉领域。其读者群体主要包括大学、工业界和研究机构的物理学家、材料科学家以及物理化学家。

Advances in Physics

A review is given on the foundations and applications of non-Hermitian classical and quantum physics. First, key theorems and central concepts in non-Hermitian linear algebra, including Jordan normal form, biorthogonality, exceptional points, pseudo-Hermiticity, and parity-time symmetry, are delineated in a pedagogical and mathematically coherent manner. Building on these, we provide an overview of how diverse classical systems, ranging from photonics, mechanics, electrical circuits, and acoustics to active matter, can be used to simulate non-Hermitian wave physics. In particular, we discuss rich and unique phenomena found therein, such as unidirectional invisibility, enhanced sensitivity, topological energy transfer, coherent perfect absorption, single-mode lasing, and robust biological transport. We then explain in detail how non-Hermitian operators emerge as an effective description of open quantum systems on the basis of the Feshbach projection approach and the quantum trajectory approach. We discuss their applications to physical systems relevant to a variety of fields, including atomic, molecular and optical physics, mesoscopic physics, and nuclear physics with emphasis on prominent phenomena and subjects in quantum regimes, such as quantum resonances, superradiance, the continuous quantum Zeno effect, quantum critical phenomena, Dirac spectra in quantum chromodynamics, and nonunitary conformal field theories. Finally, we introduce the notion of band topology in complex spectra of non-Hermitian systems and present their classifications by providing the proof, first given by this review in a complete manner, as well as a number of instructive examples. Other topics related to non-Hermitian physics, including nonreciprocal transport, speed limits, nonunitary quantum walk, are also reviewed.

Yuto Ashida

Zongping Gong

Masahito Ueda

Non-Hermitian physics

非厄米物理学

We review recent theoretical work on two closely related issues: excitation of an isolated quantum condensed matter system driven adiabatically across a continuous quantum phase transition or a gapless phase, and apparent relaxation of an excited system after a sudden quench of a parameter in its Hamiltonian. Accordingly the review is divided into two parts. The first part revolves around a quantum version of the Kibble-Zurek mechanism including also phenomena that go beyond this simple paradigm. What they have in common is that excitation of a gapless many-body system scales with a power of the driving rate. The second part attempts a systematic presentation of recent results and conjectures on apparent relaxation of a pure state of an isolated quantum many-body system after its excitation by a sudden quench. This research is motivated in part by recent experimental developments in the physics of ultracold atoms with potential applications in the adiabatic quantum state preparation and quantum computation.

Jacek Dziarmaga

Advances In Physics

Dynamics of a quantum phase transition and relaxation to a steady state

量子相变动力学与稳态弛豫

Abstract We take familiar inorganic oxide glasses and non-oxide glasses and the liquids from which they derive to review the current understanding of their atomic structure, ranging from the local environments of individual atoms to the long-range order which can cover many interatomic distances. The structural characteristics of important glasses and melts, like silicates, borates, alumino-silicates, halides and chalcogenides, are drawn from the results of recent spectroscopy and scattering experiments. The techniques include Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS), Neutron Scattering (NS) and Small- and Wide-angle X-ray Scattering measurements (SAXS/WAXS), and are often combined with computer simulation experiments in order to obtain detailed images of structure and diffusion in the glassy as well as in the molten state. We then review the current understanding of relaxation in glasses, liquids and polyamorphic states. This includes phenomenological models and theories of relaxation in different dynamical regimes, spectroscopic studies of atomic-scale mechanisms of viscous flow in inorganic glass-formers and the signatures of relaxational behaviour embedded in the low-frequency vibrational dynamics of glasses including the Boson peak and the Two-Level Systems (TLS) that control conformational transformation. We conclude this review by extending concepts of the dynamics of the glass transition from the supercooled liquid in order to understand the solid-state amorphization of crystals under temperature and pressure and to determine the thermodynamic limits of the crystalline and glassy state. Acknowledgements The authors thank the following for helpful discussions: Bruce Aitken, Austen Angell, Punit Boolchand, Uli Buchenau, Jűrgen Horbach, Jorge Íñiguez, Himanshu Jain, Alexander Kolobov, Philipp Maass, Florian Menau, Alexandra Navrotsky, Peter Poole, Andrei Sokolov, Yann Vaills and Martin Wilding. One of the authors (GNG) acknowledges the support of the Higher Education Funding Council for Wales through the Centre for Advanced Functional Materials and Devices. Both authors are grateful to the International Materials Institute on New Functionality in Glass – NSF Grant No. DMR-0409588 – for support in writing this review. One author (SS) also acknowledges support of NSF Grant No. DMR-0603933 for the preparation of this review.

George Greaves

S. Sen

Inorganic glasses, glass-forming liquids and amorphizing solids

无机玻璃、玻璃形成液体和非晶化固体

Electron spin resonance-scanning tunneling microscopy (ESR-STM) is a rapidly developing surface-science technique that is sensitive to a single spin existing on or nearby a solid surface. The single spin is detected through elevated noise at the Larmor frequency that appears when the single spin participates in the tunneling process between the tip and the surface. In this review, experimental and theoretical works which have been performed up to date on ESR-STM are reviewed. The remaining experimental problems which have to be solved, possible approaches to differentiate between different mechanisms and the future of ESR-STM are discussed.\ PACS: 72.25.Dc Spin polarized transport in semiconductors, 72.70.+m Noise processes and phenomena, 73.20.Hb Impurity and defect levels; energy states of adsorbed species, 73.40.Gk Tunneling, 75.70.Rf Surface magnetism, 75.76.+j Spin transport effects, 76.30.-v Electron paramagnetic resonance and relaxation, 78.47.-p Spectroscopy of solid state dynamics

Alexander V. Balatsky

Mitsuaki Nishijima

Yishay Manassen

Electron spin resonance-scanning tunneling microscopy

电子自旋共振-扫描隧道显微镜

These notes are based on lectures serving the advanced graduate education of the Delta Institute of Theoretical Physics in the Netherlands in autumn 2021. The goal is to explain in a language that can be understood by non-specialists very recent advances in quantum information and especially string theory suggesting the existence of entirely new forms of matter. These are metallic states characterized by an extremely dense many body entanglement, requiring the supremacy of the quantum computer to be completely enumerated. The holographic duality discovered in string theory appears to be a mathematical machinery capable of computing observable properties of such matter, suggesting the presence of universal general principles governing its phenomenology. The case is developing that these principles may well apply to the highly mysterious physical properties observed in the high temperature superconductors and other strongly interacting electron systems of condensed matter physics.

Jan Zaanen

Lectures on quantum supreme matter

量子至高物质讲座

Paolo G. Radaelli

Jan Zaanen – In memoriam

扬·扎嫩 – 纪念

Ryosuke Kadono

Hideo Hosono

Ambipolarity of hydrogen in matter revealed by muons

氢在物质中的双极性：通过μ子揭示

We review the theory of martingales as applied to stochastic thermodynamics and stochastic processes in physics more generally.

Édgar Roldán

Izaak Neri

Raphael Chetrite

Shamik Gupta

Simone Pigolotti

Frank Jülicher

Ken Sekimoto

Martingales for physicists: a treatise on stochastic thermodynamics and beyond

物理学家的鞅：随机热力学及其超越的论述

Thin films based on silicon and transition-metal elements dominate the semiconducting industry and are ubiquitous in all modern devices.Films have also been produced in the rare-earth series of elements for both research and specialized applications.Thin films of uranium and uranium dioxide were fabricated in the 1960s and 1970s, but there was little sustained effort until the early 2000s.Significant programmes started at Oxford University (transferring to Bristol University in 2011), and Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) in New Mexico, USA.In this review we cover the work that has been published over the last ∼20 years with these materials.Important breakthroughs occurred with the fabrication of epitaxial thin films of initially uranium metal and UO2, but more recently of many other uranium compounds and alloys.These have led to a number of different experiments that are reviewed, as well as some important trends.The interaction with the substrate leads to differing strain and hence changes in properties.An important advantage is that epitaxial films can often be made of materials that are impossible to produce as bulk single crystals.Examples are U3O8, U2N3 and alloys of U-Mo, which form in a modified bcc structure.Epitaxial films may also be used in applied research.They represent excellent surfaces, and it is at the surfaces that most of the important reactions occur in the nuclear fuel cycle.For example, the fuel-cladding interactions, and the dissolution of fuel by water in the long-term storage of spent fuel.To conclude, we discuss possible future prospects, examples include bilayers containing uranium for spintronics, and superlattices that could be used in heterostructures.Such applications will require a more detailed knowledge of the interface interactions in these systems, and this is an important direction for future research.

短名	Adv. Phys.
Journal Impact	35.01
国际分区	PHYSICS, CONDENSED MATTER(Q1)
期刊索引	中科院 1 区

ISSN	0001-8732, 1460-6976
h-index	123
国内分区	物理与天体物理(1区)物理与天体物理物理凝聚态物理(1区)

涉及主题	物理量子力学材料科学凝聚态物理化学有机化学工程类热力学数学核物理学计算机科学光学复合材料电气工程
出版信息	出版商: Taylor and Francis Ltd.，出版周期: Bimonthly，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 否
基本数据	创刊年份: 1952，原创研究文献占比: 0.00%，自引率:0.00%， Gold OA占比: 0.00%
平均审稿周期	网友分享经验：约稿?周期不定
平均录用比例	网友分享经验：极难

Advances in Physics

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Non-Hermitian physics

Dynamics of a quantum phase transition and relaxation to a steady state

Inorganic glasses, glass-forming liquids and amorphizing solids

Electron spin resonance-scanning tunneling microscopy

Lectures on quantum supreme matter

Lectures on quantum supreme matter

Jan Zaanen – In memoriam

Ambipolarity of hydrogen in matter revealed by muons

Martingales for physicists: a treatise on stochastic thermodynamics and beyond

A review of uranium-based thin films