American Antiquity

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Debra L. Martin

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Abstract When the colonists who made up the Virginia Company of London established James Fort on the banks of the James River in 1607, they brought with them sheets of scrap copper. Based in large part on the experience of the earlier Roanoke Colony, the English knew that copper was a highly prized material among Native peoples of the Chesapeake, and they brought it with them as a trade item. Artifacts made from European smelted copper (impure copper and copper alloy) have been found at contact period sites (ca. AD 1607–1680) throughout Virginia, and James Fort has long been hypothesized to be the primary distribution point for that material. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed the elemental composition of a sample of smelted copper artifacts from James Fort (1607–ca. 1625), as well as samples of copper artifacts from five Native sites in central Virginia. We also analyzed a sample of copper artifacts from another well-known European fort site—Fort San Juan (1567–1568) in North Carolina. The results suggest that although a portion of the smelted copper that circulated through Native networks in Virginia came from James Fort, the rest of it possibly came from English, French, or Dutch distribution points to the northeast.

Christopher M. Stevenson

Madeleine Gunter-Bassett

Laure Dussubieux

Examining the Seventeenth-Century Copper Trade: An Analysis of Smelted Copper from Sites in Virginia and North Carolina

考察17世纪铜贸易：弗吉尼亚和北卡罗来纳遗址冶炼铜的分析

Abstract The transition to maize agriculture frames important cultural shifts in the Eastern Woodlands. However, the tempo and mode of this transition are unclear, particularly when analytical techniques are not standard across the region. In this article, we present evidence of directly dated maize macrobotanical fragments from the Turpin site in southwest Ohio that date between cal AD 552–649 and 684–994. These dates add to current dialogues on the spread of maize in the American Midcontinent and help further situate the Middle Ohio Valley as a cultural crossroads through which people and ideas flowed. We echo suggestions that, to refine our understanding of the introduction of maize into the region, we must develop pan-regional analytical standards and create multiple working hypotheses at a variety of scales.

Aaron R. Comstock

Robert A. Cook

Middle Ohio Valley Maize Histories: New Dates from the Crossroads of the Midcontinent

中俄亥俄河谷玉米历史：中大陆十字路口的新日期

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Robert V. Riordan

G. Logan Miller

Abigail Chipps Stone

Bladelets, Blood, and Bones: Integrating Protein Residue, Lithic Use-Wear, and Faunal Data from the Moorehead Circle, Fort Ancient – CORRIGENDUM

刀片、血液与骨骼：整合摩尔黑德环形遗址的蛋白质残迹、石器使用痕迹及动物数据——勘误

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Jacob Holland-Lulewicz

Network Science in Archaeology. Tom Brughmans and Matthew A. Peeples. 2023. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. $130.00 (hardcover), ISBN 978-1-00917-066-6. $44.99 (paperback), ISBN 978-1-00917-064-2. $44.99 (e-book), ISBN 978-1-00918-615-5.

考古学中的网络科学。汤姆·布鲁曼斯和马修·A·皮普尔斯。2023年。剑桥大学出版社，剑桥。130.00美元（精装本），ISBN 978-1-00917-066-6。44.99美元（平装本），ISBN 978-1-00917-064-2。44.99美元（电子书），ISBN 978-1-00918-615-5。

Rachel G. Witt

Violence and Inequality: An Archaeological History. Thomas P. Leppard and Sarah C. Murray, editors. 2023. University Press of Colorado, Denver. xii + 275 p. $87.00 (hardcover), ISBN 978-1-64642-496-2. $69.00 (ebook), ISBN 978-1-64642-497-9.

暴力与不平等：考古学史。托马斯·P·莱帕德和莎拉·C·默里主编。2023年。科罗拉多大学出版社，丹佛。xii + 275页。87.00美元（精装本），ISBN 978-1-64642-496-2。69.00美元（电子书），ISBN 978-1-64642-497-9。

Abstract Circular shell rings along the South Atlantic coast of the United States are vestiges of the earliest sedentary villages in North America, dating to 4500–3000 BP. However, little is known about when Indigenous communities began constructing these shell-ring villages. This article presents data from the Hokfv-Mocvse Shell Ring on Ossabaw Island, Georgia. Although shell rings are often associated with the earliest ceramics in North America, no ceramics were encountered in our excavations at Hokfv-Mocvse, and the only materials recovered were projectile points similar to points found over 300 km inland. Bayesian modeling of radiocarbon dates indicates that the ring was occupied between 5090 and 4735 cal BP (95% confidence), making it the earliest dated shell ring in the region. Additionally, shell geochemistry and oyster paleobiology data suggest that inhabitants were living at the ring year-round and had established institutions at that time to manage oyster fisheries sustainably. Hokfv-Mocvse therefore provides evidence for Indigenous people settling in year-round villages and adapting to coastal environments in the region centuries before the adoption of pottery. The establishment of villages marks a visible archaeological shift toward settling down and occupying island ecosystems on a more permanent basis and in larger numbers than ever before in the region.

Carey J. Garland

Victor D. Thompson

Matthew D. Howland

Ted L. Gragson

C. Fred T. Andrus

Marcie Demyan

Brett Parbus

Stable Isotope Analysis and Chronology Building at the Hokfv-Mocvse Cultural Site, the Earliest Evidence for South Atlantic Shell-Ring Villages

稳定同位素分析与年代测定：南大西洋贝壳环村落的最早证据——霍克夫-莫克维斯文化遗址

Abstract The Fremont provide an important case study to examine the resilience of ancient farmers to climatic downturns, because they lived at the far northern margin of intensive maize agriculture in the American West, where the constraints on maize production are made abundantly clear. Using a tree-ring and simulation-based reconstruction of average annual precipitation and maize growing degree days, along with cost-distance to perennial streams, we model spatial variability in Fremont site density in the eastern Great Basin. The results of our analysis have implications for defining the ecological envelope in which farming is a viable strategy across this arid region and can be used to predict where and why maize farming strategies might evolve and eventually collapse as climate changes over time.

Kenneth B. Vernon

Peter M. Yaworsky

Weston McCool

Jerry D. Spangler

Simon Brewer

Brian F. Codding

The Fremont Frontier: Living at the Margins of Maize Farming

弗里蒙特前沿：生活在玉米种植的边缘

Abstract Although land loss is among the most profound impacts that settler colonialism had for Indigenous societies across North America, archaeologists rarely study one of the principal colonial mechanisms of land dispossession: allotment. This process forever altered the course of North American history, breaking up collectively held Indigenous lands into lots “owned” by individuals and families while further stressing local Indigenous subsistence patterns, social relations, political organization, and more. Archaeology's long-term, material, and sometimes collaborative vantage stands to offer insights on this process and how it played out for Indigenous peoples in different times and places. As its case study, this article considers the allotment of Mohegan lands in southeastern Connecticut (USA). An archaeology of Mohegan allotment speaks to more than land loss and cultural change. It provides evidence of an enduring and long-term Indigenous presence on the land; of the challenges faced and overcome by Mohegan peoples living through, and with, settler colonialism; and of the nuances of Indigenous-colonial archaeological records. This study also shows the importance of Indigenous and collaborative archaeologies for shedding new light on these challenging but important archaeological traces.

Craig N. Cipolla

James Quinn

Jay Levy

“An Acre of Land to Plant or a Stick of Wood to Make a Fence or Fire”: An Archaeology of Mohegan Allotment

“一亩地种植或一根木头做篱笆或柴火”：摩黑根分配地的考古学研究

Abstract We examine provenance data collected from three types of geological resources recovered at Goat Spring Pueblo in central New Mexico. Our goal is to move beyond simply documenting patterns in compositional data; rather, we develop a narrative that explores how people's knowledge and preferences resulted in culturally and materially determined choices as revealed in those patterns. Our analyses provide evidence that residents of Goat Spring Pueblo did not rely primarily on local geological sources for the creation of their glaze paints or obsidian tools. They did, however, utilize a locally available blue-green mineral for creation of their ornaments. We argue that village artisans structured their use of raw materials at least in part according to multiple craft-specific and community-centered ethnomineralogies that likely constituted the sources of these materials as historically or cosmologically meaningful places through their persistent use. Consequently, the surviving material culture at Goat Spring Pueblo reflects day-to-day beliefs, practices, and social relationships that connected this village to a broader mosaic of interconnected Ancestral Pueblo taskscapes and knowledgescapes.

Suzanne L. Eckert

Deborah L. Huntley

Judith A. Habicht-Mauche

Jeffrey R. Ferguson

Tasks, Knowledge, and Practice: Long-Distance Resource Acquisition at Goat Spring Pueblo (LA285), Central New Mexico

任务、知识与实践：新墨西哥州中部山羊泉普韦布洛（LA285）的远距离资源获取

Abbreviation	Am. Antiq.
Journal Impact	2.55
Quartiles(Global)	W_MULTIPLE(Q1)

ISSN	0002-7316, 2325-5064
h-index	88
Top Journals	Yes

Publication Information	Publisher: Cambridge University Press，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 1935，Proportion of original research papers: 95.83%，Self Citation Rate:11.10%， Gold OA Rate: 53.10%

American Antiquity

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