JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL RHYTHMS 是生物节律研究协会的官方期刊，使用遗传、生化、生理、行为、流行病学和建模方法以及临床试验，在生物节律的各个方面提供经过同行评审的原创研究。重点是昼夜节律和季节节律，但也考虑及时审查和研究其他周期性。该期刊是出版道德委员会 (COPE) 的成员。

The American Behavioral Scientist is the official journal of the Biological Rhythms Research Society, dedicated to providing peer-reviewed original research on all aspects of biological rhythms through genetic, biochemical, physiological, behavioral, epidemiological, and modeling approaches, as well as clinical trials. The focus is on circadian and seasonal rhythms, but timely reviews and studies on other periodic phenomena are also considered. The journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

《American Behavioral Scientist》是生物节律研究协会的官方期刊，致力于通过遗传学、生化学、生理学、行为学、流行病学和建模方法，以及临床试验，提供关于生物节律各个方面的原创研究，经过同行评审。期刊重点关注昼夜节律和季节节律，同时也欢迎及时审查和研究其他周期性现象。该期刊是出版道德委员会 (COPE) 的成员。

American Behavioral Scientist

JUNE PRICE TANGNEY

Recent Advances in the Empirical Study of Shame and Guilt

羞耻与内疚实证研究的最新进展

The notion of “community” has often been caught between concrete social relationships and imagined sets of people perceived to be similar. The rise of the Internet has refocused our attention on this ongoing tension. The Internet has enabled people who know each other to use social media, from e-mail to Facebook, to interact without meeting physically. Into this mix came Twitter, an asymmetric microblogging service: If you follow me, I do not have to follow you. This means that connections on Twitter depend less on in-person contact, as many users have more followers than they know. Yet there is a possibility that Twitter can form the basis of interlinked personal communities—and even of a sense of community. This analysis of one person’s Twitter network shows that it is the basis for a real community, even though Twitter was not designed to support the development of online communities. Studying Twitter is useful for understanding how people use new communication technologies to form new social connections and maintain existing ones.

Anatoliy Gruzd

Barry Wellman

Yuri Takhteyev

Imagining Twitter as an Imagined Community

将推特想象为一个想象的共同体

CRYPTOCHROMES (CRYs) are structurally related to ultraviolet (UV)/blue-sensitive DNA repair enzymes called photolyases but lack the ability to repair pyrimidine dimers generated by UV exposure. First identified in plants, CRYs have proven to be involved in light detection and various light-dependent processes in a broad range of organisms. In Drosophila, CRY’s best understood role is the cell-autonomous synchronization of circadian clocks. However, CRY also contributes to the amplitude of circadian oscillations in a light-independent manner, controls arousal and UV avoidance, influences visual photoreception, and plays a key role in magnetic field detection. Here, we review our current understanding of the mechanisms underlying CRY’s various circadian and noncircadian functions in fruit flies.

Lauren E. Foley

Patrick Emery

Journal of Biological Rhythms

<i>Drosophila</i> Cryptochrome: Variations in Blue

果蝇隐花色素：蓝色变异

Overt rhythms of locomotor behavior are a result of two complementary processes. The first mechanism is the synchronization of an endogenous clock, which in turn directs the animal to be active in the day or the night; this is called entrainment. The second mechanism involves an acute response to light, which inhibits or promotes activity, depending on whether the species is nocturnal or diurnal; this is called masking (Aschoff, 1960; review in Mrosovsky, 1999). The fact that masking can occur in hamsters with lesions of the SCN (Redlin and Mrosovsky, 1999) and in mice lacking cryptochromes (van der Horst et al., 1999; Vitaterna et al., 1999), that is, in animals lacking any persistent circadian rhythm to be entrained, is further evidence that entrainment and masking are behaviorally and physiologically different responses to light. Although masking may be of considerable importance in influencing the amplitude of overt rhythms, it has received much less study than has entrainment. Indeed, the main concern of rhythms researchers has been to exclude masking as much as possible from their experiments. At the receptor level at least, however, masking and entrainment may have considerable commonalities, in that they are both spared in retinally degenerate (rd/rd) mutant mice (Foster et al., 1991; Mrosovsky, 1994). Eventually, rd/rd mice come to lose all their rods, and many cones degenerate secondarily (CarterDawson et al., 1978; Foster et al., 1991). Nevertheless, a few cones remain, and it is possible that such residual cones might be enough to mediate responses to light. This has been ruled out for phase shifting, which has been shown to persist even in mice genetically modified to lack both rods and cones (Freedman et al., 1999). The current experiment was undertaken to determine if masking was also spared in such rodless coneless mice.

N. Mrosovsky

Robert J. Lucas

Russell G. Foster

J Biol Rhythms

Persistence of Masking Responses to Light in Mice Lacking Rods and Cones

缺乏视杆和视锥的小鼠对光的遮蔽反应的持续性

Time estimation was studied in seven human subjects during prolonged sojourn is isolation from time cues. They wore rectal temperature probes throughout the experiments, and during wakefulness recorded each time they thought one hour had passed. At the end of each of these subjective hours they produced a subjective 5 or 10 sec interval. The produced intervals on the 1-h task were not related to body temperature but were correlated with and proportional to the duration of waketime in all subjects. The produced 5 and 10 sec intervals were in all subjects negatively correlated with rectal temperature, but were not associated with wake time. Brief and long time intervals are subjectively experienced via different mechanisms.

Jürgen Aschoff

Human Perception of Short and Long Time Intervals: Its Correlation with Body Temperature and the Duration of Wake Time

人体对短时和长时时间间隔的感知：其与体温及清醒时间长度的相关性

Mammalian circadian biologists commonly characterize the relation between circadian clocks as hierarchical, with the clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus at the top of the hierarchy. The lineage of research since the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) was first identified as the clock in mammals has challenged this perspective, revealing clocks in peripheral tissues, showing that they respond to their own zeitgebers, coordinate oscillations among themselves, and in some cases modify the behavior of the SCN. Increasingly circadian timekeepers appear to constitute a heterarchical network, with control distributed and operating along multiple pathways. One reason for the continued invocation of hierarchy in mammalian circadian biology is that it is difficult to understand how a heterarchical system could operate effectively so as to maintain the organism. Evolved mechanisms, however, need not respect hierarchy and those that have survived have demonstrated the ability of heterarchical organizaton to maintain organisms.

William Bechtel

Hierarchy or Heterarchy of Mammalian Circadian Timekeepers?

哺乳动物生物钟的层级还是异层级结构？

Compared to previous generations, young adults today report lower levels of trust in government, law enforcement, and their communities. This study investigates neighborhood factors influencing social trust among Arizona young adults during the lead-up to the 2020 presidential election. Through an analysis of online survey data for a sample of young adults ( N = 1,376) who participated in the Arizona Youth Identity Project, we explore how neighborhood diversity, population density, racial identity, and political affiliation are associated with social trust and voting preferences. We find that Arizona young adults’ trust in police and their neighbors varies by neighborhood diversity and racial identity, with residents of mostly White neighborhoods reporting higher levels of trust. Additionally, support for Trump is highest among young adults who expressed high trust in local police. This study underscores and begins to unpack the interplay between race, space, and trust in shaping political identities and preferences.

Aaron A. B. Thompson

Nathan D. Martin

Unpacking Young Adults’ Voting Preferences: The Role of Neighborhood Trust

解开年轻人的投票偏好：社区信任的作用

In Arizona, Mormonism has a historical presence as a conservative and globalized faith. Though the Mormon Church officially maintains political neutrality, it also encourages civic engagement. Through an analysis of interview data collected from 38 Mormon youth as part of the Arizona Youth Identity Project, this paper explores the enactment of political agency in reaction to complex socialization processes. Mormon youths’ voting choices in the 2020 election season were shaped by religious socialization and Mormonism as an “ethnoreligious” identity. While religious upbringing was important in political decision-making, our study found that most youth were politically unaffiliated and voted across party lines instead. Further, we analyze how intersectional identities such as gender, race, and sexual orientation contributed to this generation’s political values and voting outcomes, even creating external tensions with peers and older Mormon leadership. As Arizona Mormon youth participated in a historic election season, this study highlights the nuances of religious socialization and voting choices.

Brittany Romanello

Paula Baker

Emir Estrada

Michelle C. Pasco

Arizona Mormon Youths’ Religious Socialization and 2020 Voting Choices

亚利桑那摩门教青年宗教社会化与2020年投票选择

An autonomous, environmentally synchronizable circadian rhythm is a ubiquitous feature of life on Earth. In multicellular organisms, this rhythm is generated by a transcription-translation feedback loop present in nearly every cell that drives daily expression of thousands of genes in a tissue-dependent manner. Identifying the genes that are under circadian control can elucidate the mechanisms by which physiological processes are coordinated in multicellular organisms. Today, transcriptomic profiling at the single-cell level provides an unprecedented opportunity to understand the function of cell-level clocks. However, while many cycling detection algorithms have been developed to identify genes under circadian control in bulk transcriptomic data, it is not known how best to adapt these algorithms to single-cell RNA seq data. Here, we benchmark commonly used circadian detection methods on their reliability and efficiency when applied to single-cell RNA seq data. Our results provide guidance on adapting existing cycling detection methods to the single-cell domain and elucidate opportunities for more robust and efficient rhythm detection in single-cell data. We also propose a subsampling procedure combined with harmonic regression as an efficient strategy to detect circadian genes in the single-cell setting.

Bingxian Xu

Dingbang Ma

Katharine Abruzzi

Rosemary Braun

Detecting Rhythmic Gene Expression in Single-cell Transcriptomics

单细胞转录组学中节律基因表达的检测

The presence of women in legislatures has steadily increased over the past 2 decades, prompting numerous studies to explore the role of women in politics. This article focuses on Spain to analyze how women contribute to parliamentary consensus, a rarely explored but necessary topic in times of polarization and political conflict. The combination of aggregated and member of parliaments’ individual-level data provides a holistic approach to assessing how women operate in legislatures and their predisposition to political conflict. Aggregated findings show that an increase in female political representation does not go hand in hand with more legislative consensus, only when gender laws are approved. Similarly, the individual-level results show the importance of political parties in shaping attitudes toward conflict. Female parliamentarians present less consensual attitudes in the most extreme ideological parties: Podemos and VOX. However, no gender differences exist in the mainstream parties of the PSOE (Spanish Socialist Workers’ Party) and PP (People’s Party). These findings also highlight the institutional and party barriers that women may face when developing their “know-how” in politics.

短名	J Biol Rhythms
Journal Impact	2.16
国际分区	SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY(Q1)
期刊索引	SCI Q2中科院 3 区

ISSN	0002-7642, 0748-7304, 1552-3381, 1552-4531
h-index	115
国内分区	生物学(3区)生物学生物学(3区)生物学生理学(4区)

涉及主题	社会学政治学心理学法学经济计算机科学哲学政治地理生物社会心理学历史医学业务数学社会科学考古
出版信息	出版商: SAGE Publications Inc.，出版周期: ，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 否
基本数据	创刊年份: 1957，原创研究文献占比: 99.52%，自引率:4.30%， Gold OA占比: 19.92%

American Behavioral Scientist

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