American Journal of Anatomy

American Journal of AnatomyVolume 108, Issue 2 p. 149-165 Article A study of the subgross pulmonary anatomy in various mammals†‡ Richard F. McLaughlin, Richard F. McLaughlin Clinical Investigation Center, U. S. Naval Hospital, Oakland, California Department of Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CaliforniaSearch for more papers by this authorWalter S. Tyler, Walter S. Tyler Clinical Investigation Center, U. S. Naval Hospital, Oakland, California Department of Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California Department of Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California.Search for more papers by this authorRobert O. Canada, Robert O. Canada Clinical Investigation Center, U. S. Naval Hospital, Oakland, California Department of Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CaliforniaSearch for more papers by this author Richard F. McLaughlin, Richard F. McLaughlin Clinical Investigation Center, U. S. Naval Hospital, Oakland, California Department of Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CaliforniaSearch for more papers by this authorWalter S. Tyler, Walter S. Tyler Clinical Investigation Center, U. S. Naval Hospital, Oakland, California Department of Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California Department of Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California.Search for more papers by this authorRobert O. Canada, Robert O. Canada Clinical Investigation Center, U. S. Naval Hospital, Oakland, California Department of Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CaliforniaSearch for more papers by this author First published: March 1961 https://doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001080203Citations: 167 † Supported (in part) by Contract Nonr-222(51) between the University of California (San Francisco) and the Office of Naval Research, Department of the Navy. The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private ones of the authors and are not to be construed as official or necessarily as reflecting the views of the Medical Department of the Navy of the Naval Service at large. ‡ Presented (in part) at the Meeting of the American College of Chest Physicians, Alantic City, N. J., and (in part) at the Second Conference on "Research in Emphysema," Aspen, Colorado; both held in June, 1959. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Literature Cited Aeby, C. T. 1880 Der Bronchialbaum der Saugethiere und des Menschen. W. Engleman, Leipzig. Alexander, A. F. 1958 Chronic Alveolar Emphysema in the Horse. Booklet of the Aspen Conference on Research in Emphysema, June: 28. Berry, J. L., and I. de Burgh Daly 1931 The relation between the pulmonary and bronchial vascular systems. Proc. Roy. Soc., London, 109 (B): 319–336. Berry, J. L., J. F. Brailsford and I. de Burgh Daly 1931 The bronchial vascular system in the dog. Proc. Roy. Soc., London, 109 (B): 214–228. Birnbaum, G. L. 1954 Anatomy of the Bronchovascular System: Its Applications to Surgery. The Yearbook Publishers, Inc., Chicago. Comroe, J. 1958 Personal communication. Cudkowicz, L., and J. Armstrong 1951 Observations on the normal anatomy of the bronchial arteries. Thorax, 6: 343–358. Ellis, F. H. Jr., J. H. Grindlay and J. E. Edwards 1951 The bronchial arteries: I Experimental occlusion. Surgery, 30: 810–826. Ellis, F. H. Jr., J. H. Grindlay and J. E. Edwards 1952 The bronchial arteries: III Structural changes after division of the rat's left pulmonary artery. Am. J. Path., 28: 89–103. Ghoreyeb, A. A., and H. T. Karsner 1913 A study of the relation of pulmonary and bronchial circulation. J. Exp. Med., 18: 500–506. Guillot, N. 1845 Recherches anatomiques et pathologiques sur les Amas de Charbon produits, pendant la vie dans les organs respiratoires. Quoted by Berry, Brailsford and Daly, '31. Hartman, G. C., and W. L. Strauss Jr, 1933 The Anatomy of the Rhesus Monkey. Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore. 213. Julian, L. K. 1958 Personal communication. Kennedy, P. C. 1958 Personal communication. Le Fort, L. 1858 Recherches sur l's du poumon chez l's. Thèse, Paris. Quoted by Berry, Brailsford, and Daly, '31. Liebow, A. A. 1953 The bronchopulmonary venous collateral circulation with special reference to emphysema. Am. J. Path., 29: 251–289. Loosli, C. G. 1938 The structure of the respiratory portion of the mammalian lung with notes on the lining of the frog lung. Am. J. Anat., 62: 375–425. McLean, K. H. 1958 The pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema. Am. J. Med., 25: 62–74. Marchand, P. J., J. C. Gilroy and V. H. Watson 1950 An anatomical study of the bronchial vascular system and its variation in disease. Thorax, 5: 207–221. Miller, W. S. 1907 The vascular supply of the pleura pulmonalis. Am. J. Anat., 7: 389–407. Miller, W. S. 1913 The air spaces in the lung of the cat. J. Morph., 24: 459–478. Miller, W. S. 1925 The vascular supply of the bronchial tree. Am. Rev. Tuberc., 12: 87–94. Miller, W. S. 1950 The Lung, 2nd ed. C. C Thomas, Springfield, Ill. Nakamura, T. 1958 Bronchopulmonary circulation. President Lecture, 22nd Annual Meeting of The Japanese Circulation Society, Sendai. Narat, J. K., J. A. Loef and M. Narat 1936 On the preparation of multicolored corrosion specimens. Anat. Rec., 64: 155–160. Narath, A. 1901 Der Bronchialbaum der Saugethiere und des Menschen. Bibl. Medica, Stuttgart. Ruysch, F. 1721 Opera omnia, I.— Epistola Anatomica Problematica Sexta. Amtelaedami, apud Janssonio-Walsbergios. Quoted by Berry, Brailsford and Daly, '31. Schalm, W., and C. M. Haring 1939 A method for preparing bovine udders for the study of the pathology of mastitis. J. Am. Vet. M. A., 94: 372–373. Sisson, S., and J. D. Grossman 1956 The Anatomy of the Domestic Animals, 4th ed., rev. W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia and London. Tobin, C. E. 1952 The bronchial arteries and their connections with other vessels in the human lung. Surg., Gyn. Obst., 95: 741–750. Tucker, J. L., and E. T. Krementz 1957 Anatomical corrosion specimens: II Bronchopulmonary anatomy in the dog. Anat. Rec., 127: 667–676. Van Allen, C. M., and G. E. Lindskog 1931 Collateral respiration in the lung. Surg., Gyn. Obst., 53: 16–21. Verloop, M. C. 1948 The arteriae bronchiales and their anastomoses with the ateria pulmonalis in the human lung; a mikroanatomical study. Acta Anat., 5: 171–205. Verloop, M. C. 1949 On the arteriae bronchiales and their anastomosing with the arteria pulmonalis in some rodents; a mikroanatomical study. Acta Anat., 7: 1–32. Von Hayek, H. 1953 Die Menschliche Lunge. Gott. Heidel, Berlin. Zuckerkandl, E. 1883 Ueber die verbindungen Zwischen den arteriellen Gefässen der menschlichen lunge. Sitzungsberichte der Kais. Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Mathnaturwiss. Klasse., 87: 171–186. Citing Literature Volume108, Issue2March 1961Pages 149-165 ReferencesRelatedInformation

Richard F. McLaughlin

Walter S. Tyler

Robert O. Canada

A study of the subgross pulmonary anatomy in various mammals

各种哺乳动物亚宏观肺部解剖学研究

Early hominins formed large and thick-enamelled cheek-teeth within relatively short growth periods as compared with modern humans. To understand better the developmental basis of this process, we measured daily enamel increments, or cross striations, in 17 molars of Plio-Pleistocene hominins representing seven different species, including specimens attributed to early Homo. Our results show considerable variation across species, although all specimens conformed to the known pattern characterised by greater values in outer than inner enamel, and greater cuspal than cervical values. We then compared our results with the megadontia index, which represents tooth size in relation to body mass, for each species to assess the effect of daily growth rates on tooth size. Our results indicate that larger toothed (megadont) taxa display higher rates or faster forming enamel than smaller toothed hominins. By forming enamel quickly, large tooth crowns were able to develop within the constraints of shorter growth periods. Besides daily increments, many animals express long-period markings (striae of Retzius) in their enamel. We report periodicity values (number of cross striations between adjacent striae) in 14 new specimens of Australopithecus afarensis, Paranthropus aethiopicus, Paranthropus boisei, Homo habilis, Homo rudolfensis and Homo erectus, and show that long-period striae express a strong association with male and average male-female body mass. Our results for Plio-Pleistocene hominins show that the biological rhythms that give rise to long-period striae are encompassed within the range of variation known for modern humans, but show a lower mean and modal value of 7 days in australopithecines. In our sample of early Homo, mean and modal periodicity values were 8 days, and therefore similar to modern humans. These new data on daily rates of enamel formation and periodicity provide a better framework to interpret surface manifestations of internal growth markings on fossil hominin tooth crowns. Importantly, our data on early hominin cross striation variation may now contribute towards solving difficult taxonomic diagnoses where much may depend on fragmentary molar remains and enamel structure.

Rodrigo Lacruz

M. Christopher Dean

Fernando Ramirez Rozzi

Timothy Bromage

Megadontia, striae periodicity and patterns of enamel secretion in Plio-Pleistocene fossil hominins

上新世-更新世化石人属中的巨齿症、釉质生长周期及分泌模式

巨齿、条纹周期性与上新世-更新世化石人类牙釉质分泌模式

巨齿、条纹周期性和上新世-更新世化石人类牙釉质分泌模式

Publication Information	Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Inc.，Publishing cycle: Monthly，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 1945，Proportion of original research papers: 0.00%，Self Citation Rate:N.A.， Gold OA Rate: 0.00%
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American Journal of Anatomy

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A study of the subgross pulmonary anatomy in various mammals

Megadontia, striae periodicity and patterns of enamel secretion in Plio-Pleistocene fossil hominins

Megadontia, striae periodicity and patterns of enamel secretion in Plio-Pleistocene fossil hominins

Megadontia, striae periodicity and patterns of enamel secretion in Plio-Pleistocene fossil hominins

Megadontia, striae periodicity and patterns of enamel secretion in Plio-Pleistocene fossil hominins

Megadontia, striae periodicity and patterns of enamel secretion in Plio-Pleistocene fossil hominins

Megadontia, striae periodicity and patterns of enamel secretion in Plio-Pleistocene fossil hominins

Megadontia, striae periodicity and patterns of enamel secretion in Plio-Pleistocene fossil hominins

Megadontia, striae periodicity and patterns of enamel secretion in Plio-Pleistocene fossil hominins

Megadontia, striae periodicity and patterns of enamel secretion in Plio-Pleistocene fossil hominins