ANNALS OF SCIENCE 于 1936 年推出，出版有关科学、技术和医学史的著作，涵盖从古典时代到 20 世纪后期的发展。 《华尔街日报》在其出版的作品和读者群方面都具有全球影响力。编辑特别欢迎亚洲、非洲和南美作者的投稿。每期都包含研究文章和一个综合性书评部分，包括对一组更广泛书籍的论文评论。文章以英文和法文出版，期刊欢迎就相关主题提出特刊建议。编辑和出版商致力于支持早期职业研究人员，并为当前博士生的最佳投稿或获奖者颁发年度奖近四年攻读博士学位。

The Annals of Science, launched in 1936, focuses on the history of science, technology, and medicine, covering developments from classical times to the late 20th century. The journal has significant global influence, particularly in its published works and readership. The editors especially welcome submissions from authors in Asia, Africa, and South America. Each issue includes research articles and a comprehensive review section, featuring critiques of a range of related books. Articles are published in both English and French, and the journal welcomes proposals for special issues on relevant topics. The editors and publishers are committed to supporting early-career researchers and have awarded an annual prize for the best submission from current doctoral students for nearly four years.

《Annals of Science》创刊于1936年，专注于科学、技术和医学史的研究，涵盖从古典时代到20世纪后期的发展。该期刊在全球范围内具有显著的影响力，尤其是在其出版的作品和读者群体方面。编辑特别欢迎来自亚洲、非洲和南美的作者投稿。每期包含研究文章和综合书评部分，书评涵盖一系列相关书籍的评论。文章以英文和法文出版，期刊也欢迎针对相关主题的特刊建议。编辑和出版商致力于支持早期职业研究人员，并为当前博士生的最佳投稿或获奖者颁发年度奖，已有近四年的历史。

Annals of Science

This article sheds new light on Alexander von Humboldt's political position in the revolutionary decade between 1789 and 1799. The young naturalist interacted with both supporters and opponents of the revolution. In July 1790, he even participated in the preparations for the Festival of the Federation in Paris together with Georg Forster. However, Humboldt remained detached from Europe's polarized politics. He avoided taking a firm stance and distanced himself from revolutionary violence. Continuous emotional and physical crises, in addition to his immersion into scientific studies, fuelled this retreat. While steeped in Enlightenment ideas and committed to a cosmopolitan understanding of liberty, Humboldt absorbed the critique of the French Revolution and the skeptical take on rationalism that the philosophers Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi and Wilhelm von Humboldt, Alexander's brother, articulated.By recognizing these influences and reexamining autobiographical sources, we can identify the various intellectual and political contexts in which Alexander von Humboldt operated during the 1790s. This polycentric approach leads to a nuanced understanding of Humboldt's political thinking in revolutionary Europe. It explains his caution in political matters and revises the conventional image of Humboldt as a fervent supporter of the French Revolution.

Andreas W. Daum

A ‘Temple of Liberty’? Alexander von Humboldt and the French Revolution

“自由神殿”？亚历山大·冯·洪堡与法国大革命

This article uses the mythological figure of the satyr to examine European attitudes towards incorporating mythical creatures into zoology and, more broadly, to survey attempts to reconcile the relative status of myth vis-à-vis modern science. Evidence is used from the past five hundred years to argue for the longevity of these debates, which continue to repeat the same arguments based on the same sources. It is argued that scholars' attitudes towards Ancient civilizations play a significant role in explaining whether they decide to consider the satyr as the product of the imperfect observation of monkeys or as a creature on its own right.

Dániel Margócsy

A natural history of the satyr: a dialectical history of myth and scientific observation since 1550*

《萨提尔的自然史：1550年以来的神话与科学观察的辩证史》

This essay proposes that the only publication of the Accademia del Cimento, referred to as

Cristiano Zanetti

<i>‘Made in the Galleries of His Most Serene Highness, Florence’</i> . Conflicts in instrument invention at the Medici court: the pendulum clock, and the Accademia del Cimento

《“佛罗伦萨大公殿下画廊制造”》。美第奇宫廷中的仪器发明冲突：摆钟与实验学院

Daniel Pinto

Francisco de Melo’s theory of vision

弗朗西斯科·德·梅洛的视觉理论

An important aspect of the nineteenth century debate on the relationship between science and religion concerned the popularity of deterministic views among scientists. An integral part of Comte's positivism, the idea of immutable laws that determined natural and social phenomena became an increasingly prevalent component of scientific perspectives in the Darwinian era. Referring to this tendency as 'scientific fatalism,' critics likened it to Calvinist predestination, which transformed the debate into one involving polemics about different branches of Christianity as well. This paper focuses on a neglected aspect of this debate, namely, the role that references to Islam and Turks played in it. 'Mohammedan fatalism,' already a common theme in justifications of colonialism, promptly became a tool with which to condemn new scientific views. Comparing French, British, and American writings on the topic, the paper illustrates that while there emerged approaches that praised the fatalism of Muslims while making a case for scientific determinism, most scientists and thinkers resorted to condemning the fatalism of Muslims in order to distinguish their views from it. In this respect, the paper demonstrates how political and religious discourses played a significant part in the shaping of scientific discourse in the Victorian era.

M. Alper Yalçınkaya

Kindred fatalisms: debating science, Islam, and free will in the Darwinian era

同源宿命论：达尔文时代关于科学、伊斯兰教与自由意志的辩论

This paper utilizes the concept of the agency of material objects, proposed as a tenet by several historians of science in the late twentieth century. It argues that scientific instruments have agency in the field due to their value and fragility, both of which attributes served to dictate a social hierarchy of activity. Furthermore, the resulting numerical outputs served to discriminate between various groups. The principal focus is the role of instruments used by travellers sponsored by the Royal Geographical Society, London, but it also looks at the role of instruments on a larger triangulation; the project to survey the African part of the arc of the 30th meridian east of Greenwich. Seeing the instruments as material objects allows insights into the social arrangements and interactions taking place. It is argued that instruments, and the results of instrument use, entrenched existing power hierarchies, imparting greater prestige to those who were previously endowed with privilege. It is argued the instruments contributed to 'othering' both in the field and in the publications resulting from the expeditions.

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ISSN	0003-3790, 1464-505X
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Annals of Science

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A ‘Temple of Liberty’? Alexander von Humboldt and the French Revolution

A natural history of the satyr: a dialectical history of myth and scientific observation since 1550*

‘Made in the Galleries of His Most Serene Highness, Florence’ . Conflicts in instrument invention at the Medici court: the pendulum clock, and the Accademia del Cimento

Francisco de Melo’s theory of vision

Kindred fatalisms: debating science, Islam, and free will in the Darwinian era

A ‘Temple of Liberty’? Alexander von Humboldt and the French Revolution

A natural history of the satyr: a dialectical history of myth and scientific observation since 1550*

‘Made in the Galleries of His Most Serene Highness, Florence’ . Conflicts in instrument invention at the Medici court: the pendulum clock, and the Accademia del Cimento

Francisco de Melo’s theory of vision

The social agency of instruments of surveying and exploration c.1830–1930