Australian Surveyor

This paper describes various engineering surveying operations in the construction and maintenance of railway tracks through the functional modules of a specifically designed computer software. This software designs for the main functions of alignment. setting-out. as-built and right-of-way surveys. The software introduced is the RTS (Rail Transit Survey) ®. which has been used in railway projects by many international civil engineering contractors and railway corporations around the world.

Steve Y. W. Lam

Conrad H. W. Tang

A computer system for surveying railway alignments in Hong Kong

香港铁路线勘测计算机系统

Abstract Developments in automated off-line and on-line digital close-range photogrammetry systems have effectively rendered the technology mature. A broadening of the range of measurement tasks undertaken has accompanied the transfer of technology of automated vision metrology from the R & D environment to an end-user community focussed upon high-precision dimensional inspection for industrial manufacturing and large-scale engineering. This paper highlights the significant advances made in system productivity and accuracy by way of a description of selected measurement projects conducted by the Vision Metrology Services Unit of The University of Melbourne. These include multi-epoch deformation surveys of a trainer aircraft, of the world’s largest electric ring motor and of a military vehicle, and the dimensional characterisation of both abalone shells and the hull of a submarine. The relevance of industial measurement to modern surveying is highlighted by the awarding of the 1998 Robert Hoddle Prize for Excellence in Surveying, by the Institution of Surveyors Victoria, to The Vision Metrology Services Unit.

Clive Fraser

Automated Vision Metrology:A Mature Technology for Industrial Inspection and Engineering Surveys

自动化视觉测量：工业检测与工程测量的成熟技术

Plan lodgement is an essential part of the land registration system in all Australian jurisdictions. This paper proposes that in the future, all cadastral data will be lodged in a digital format. It concentrates on issues associated with digital lodgement, and suggests several options for introducing digital lodgement.

Katie Falzon

Ian Williamson

Digital Lodgement of Cadastral Survey Data in Australia-Issues and Options

澳大利亚地籍测量数据数字化提交的问题与选择

Abstract The acquisition and delivery of geo-spatial data are going through rapid changes. Data providers and spatial data practitioners are anticipating that the connectivity of the Internet and the popularity of the World Wide Web will accelerate and popularise the use of geo-spatial data across a wider audience. To demonstrate this change, this paper presents a general overview of twelve online geo-spatial systems from Australia, Europe, and America, which have impacted on the delivery of land parcel or cadastral data in their respective jurisdictions. Online cadastral systems represent the amalgamation of current technology and network applications that are significantly impacting across the geo-spatial industry. The increasing range of data available and the layout of the underlying databases are examples of the major differences that are discussed in the paper. This paper provides a “snap shot” of rapidly developing online systems with the objective to better understand the rapid developments and changes that are occurring in online government spatial systems worldwide.

Shamsul Abdul Majid

Ian P. Williamson

Understanding online geo-spatial systems

理解在线地理空间系统

The loss of the cruiser HMAS Sydney to the German raider HSK Kormoran is Australia’s worst naval disaster. Since her loss on the 19th of November 1941 the location of Sydney’s wreck has been a mystery. Many researchers have defined possible locations for Sydney and Kormoran. However, none have used the available evidence in a rigorous mathematical manner that considered precision for each of the items of evidence used to obtain the position. Few of them have considered all of the available evidence objectively and without discarding some evidence that contradicts their hypothesis. This project uses a least squares based approach to solve for the probable location of both ships. The search area is defined using the associated area of confidence for each of the solutions. The adjustments have been performed several times to accommodate different sets of data where various options exist in the use of the available information. The method is shown to be sound, however additional information could provide a more definitive solution.

Neil Brown

Timothy O'Leary

Frank Leahy

Joseph Leach

A survey network approach to locating HMASSydney

调查网络方法在悉尼高密度混合用途区定位中的应用

This paper establishes the theory and an efficient spreadsheet procedure for direct minimization of squared residuals using the idea of an expanding ellipsoid and Excel’s generalized reduced gradient (GRG) solver. Not requiring any series expansion or programming, the new approach makes least-squares traverse adjustment as easy to apply as the popular Bowditch method, yet restores full mathematical rigor.

Thomas W.C. Hu

Francis Tan

Alan Barnes

Efficient least squares traverse adjustment using spreadsheets

使用电子表格进行高效的最小二乘导线平差

Abstract The practicalities of a modern land administration system require some means of boundary adjustment (or repair). Of the possible mechanisms it is concluded that an alternative to adverse possession, statutory encroachment, is preferable to part parcel adverse possession.

Malcolm M Park*

Ian P Williamson

The need to provide for boundary adjustments in a registered title land system

注册地契制度中边界调整的必要性

In the light of the global discussion on reducing public and private expenditure on cadastral processes and services, this article reviews the transaction costs of land registration, based on data gathered in Namibia. The data show a large differentiation in the types of costs incurred in the process, as well as various levels of cost recovery. In addition, the degree to which delays in the operational registration processes influence the total cost to land developers and landowners is reviewed.

W.T. de Vries

Y. Georgiadou

J. Lewis

The Cost of Land Registration: a Case Study of Cost Efficiency in Namibia

土地登记的成本：纳米比亚成本效率的案例研究

W. T. de Vries

The cost of land registration: A case study of cost efficiency in Namibia

The paper will examine the original marking of the 141st Meridian of Longitude at the month of the River Glenelg by Colonial Surveyor Charles .J Tyers in 1839. This was a first attempt to fix the border between the Province of South Australia and the Territory of New South Wales. The paper will consider the history of Tyers’ original mark (Tyers’ Arrow) and detail a modern day search for it using GPS technology. It will also consider the background, training and subsequent career of Tyers. The paper will address the issue of survival of Tyers’ original mark of his 1839 survey and detail the field investigation to locate it. The paper will reach certain conclusions on the employment of GPS technology in historical survey research and the location of the South Australian - Victorian Harder based on Tyers’ survey. It will also consider the contribution to society by Tyers. The paper will have the basic structure of Introduction, Background, Findings, and A Brief Biography of Charles J Tyers, Conclusion. Acknowledgments and References. It will be illustrated with maps, photographs and Tyers’ original sketches.

Alan J Middleton

Looking for Tyers’ Arrow

寻找泰尔斯的箭

Publication Information	Publisher: Taylor and Francis Ltd.，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 1931，Proportion of original research papers: ，Self Citation Rate:， Gold OA Rate:

Australian Surveyor

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