Fishery technology

The pre-harvest, harvest and post-harvest sectors of fishery require intensive energy input which primarily depend on fossil fuels. Pre-harvest phase involves the dissipation of energy and other input to accomplish construction of fishing vessel and other fishing accessories. Analyses of energy in terms of fishing vessel construction, and changes in energy use over time can provide a powerful tool to know the environmental impact specially global warming potential (GWP) and carbon footprint associated with it. In the present study a comparative account of carbon footprint and global warming potential due to construction of mechanized gillnetter-cum-longliner made of two different materials (steel and wood) was made. Six numbers of vessels of both categories with size range of 65 feet were selected for comparison. Since goal of the study was to compare GWP and carbon footprint due to construction process only, a cradle to gate approach has been adopted. SimaPro® software package was used for analysis. Results showed that during construction of wooden vessel, CO2 equivalent was primarily contributed by FRP sheath (41.3%) followed by bronze (23.7%) and copper nail (19.6%), whereas for steel vessel construction, CO2 equivalent was contributed maximum by steel plates (65.8%) followed by bronze (24.1%) and welding arc (4.6%). During the study it was found that the wooden fishing vessel leaves 0.211 kg CO2 eq kg-1 of functional unit, compared to 0.709 kg CO2 eq kg-1 of functional unit for steel vessel. Outcome of the study shown that construction of steel fishing vessel (gillnetter-cum-longliner) of 65 ft LOA, createthree times more GWP and carbon footprint than wooden fishing vessel of similar type and size.

Paras Nath Jha

V. T. Antony

M. V. Baiju

V. S. Yasmi

Leela Edwin

Fishery Technology

Carbon Footprint and Associated Environmental Impacts in Construction of Fishing Vessels: A Preliminary Study

渔船建造中的碳足迹及其相关环境影响：一项初步研究

Ethnic food systems represent the culture, traditions and customs a community followsand can be considered to be on par with the ethno botanical food and medicinal knowledge. Fishing communities also possesses knowledge on the nutritional and medicinal values related to the diverse resources of the sea. Proper documentation of such systems can refurbish our food habits and can act as repositories for ensuring that these are back in the culinary practices. .This communication presents some of the information that was documented from a study carried out in six coastal districts of Kerala during 2015-2016 in 47 fishing villages focussed on the various indigenous traditional knowledge practised in fishing and highlights the various traditional fish based foods in the community. Distinct beliefs regarding nutritional and medicinal use of different fishes along different places in Kerala have also been discussed in this paper.

Arathy Ashok

S. Sreejith

Diana Benjamin

J. Bindu

Nikita Gopal

Ethnic Foods and Food based Traditional Knowledge of Fishing community in Kerala, India

印度喀拉拉邦渔业社区的民族食品及基于食品的传统知识

Vibrio species, autochthonous to aquatic environments worldwide, comprises of various species causing serious infections in humans and aquatic animals. Studying the survival ability of pathogenic Vibrio spp. in the aquatic environments is significant to identify the risk posed by them to aquatic animals as well as the recreational users of the system. However, in spite of their public health significance, the removal kinetics of this organism are not studied in detail from Cochin estuary, a highly productive estuarine system along the south-west coast of India. Here we aim to study the survival kinetics of pathogenic Vibrio spp. ( V. parahaemolyticus , V. mimicus , V. proteolyticus , V. alginolyticus and V. vulnificus ) in the estuary as a function of biological and physicochemical factors based on microcosm experiments. All the five Vibrio spp. showed prolonged and better survival in the estuarine sediment compared to water. This indicates that the sediments of Cochin estuary may act as permanent repository of this bacterium and is a matter of serious concern. Biological factors and chemical composition of estuarine water revealed to play a significant role in the removal of Vibrios from the estuarine environment. Exposure to sunlight also exhibited deleterious effect on the survival of these organisms. Thus, our overall findings reveal that the estuarine system has a self-purifying capacity to control the pathogens such as Vibrio. However, entry of high load of pathogens into the system through pollution and anthropogenic activities may disrupt this balance.

Reshma Silvester

Ally C. Antony

Jesmi Yousuf

Ajin Madhavan

P. M. Sooria

Aswin Kokkat

M. Harikrishnan

Mohamed Hatha

Survival Kinetics of Vibrio Species in a Tropical Estuary along the Southwest coast of India - as a function of selected Environmental Factors

印度西南海岸热带河口弧菌属的存活动力学——作为选定环境因素的函数

Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCH) is one of the water soluble derivatives of chitosan that can be used as an edible coating for food products. However, its use in fish and fish products is not well established. So, in the present study, the effects of CMCH as an edible coating for preserving the quality of dried anchovy were evaluated. Anchovies were dipped in 0.5 and 1% (w/v) solutions of CMCH for 5 min, drained and dried under sun. Control samples were prepared by dipping in potable water and drying under sun. TVB-N and TMA-N of the treated samples were significantly (p<0.05) lower than control over 135 days storage period. At the end of 135 days, TVB-N and TMA-N levels were 121.95, 115.63 and 106.72 mg% and 47.13, 38.24 and 35.43 mg% for control, 0.5% CMCH treated and 1% CMCH treated samples, respectively. Microbial growth and fungal growth were lower in 1% CMCH treated sample. Aerobic plate count at the end of 135 days reached 4.89, 4.80 and 4.70 log10 cfu g-1 respectively, for control, 0.5% CMCH and 1% CMCH treated anchovies. Fungal count in control reached 1.93 log10 cfu g-1 whereas that of 1% CMCH treated anchovy was 1.50 log10 cfu g-1 at the end of 135th day. CMCH treatment has also controlled lipid oxidation during storage of dried anchovy as the TBARS of control was higher (2.91 mg MDA Kg1) than 0.5% CMCH (2.17 mg MDA Kg-1) and 1% CMCH treated (1.92 mg MDA Kg-1) anchovy on 135th day. In brief, the edible coating of CMCH has effectively controlled the spoilage changes in dried anchovy during storage.

P. Viji

S. Naveen

B. Madhusudana Rao

Jesmi Debbarma

P. K. Binsi

Effects of Carboxymethyl Chitosan on the Biochemical and Microbial Quality of Dried Anchovy

羧甲基壳聚糖对干凤尾鱼生化和微生物质量的影响

Vibrio cholerae is an enteric pathogen causing an acute diarrheal disease known as cholera. The disease is acquired through the consumption of food or water contaminated by this microorganism. Antibiotic therapy is recommended in specific situations to significantly reduce the volume of watery faeces and duration of diarrhoea, reducing the transmission of infection. The wide use and abuse of antibiotics in human and veterinary medicine, agriculture, and aquaculture systems have caused the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in V. cholerae . Several epidemics worldwide were caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) V. cholerae . Various resistance patterns are reported among clinical strains isolated from different parts of the country and across the globe. The drugresistant clinical strains are dispersed into the aquatic environment through faeces/ excreta of humans, discharge from health care facilities or contaminated groundwater. In the aquatic environment, V. cholerae that are susceptible to antibiotics acquire resistance either by frequent exposure to antibiotics over a period of time or through the transfer of resistant genes from other resistant bacteria. In the aquatic system, genetic exchange between bacteria is readily facilitated resulting in the higher frequency of AMR V. cholerae and more commonly exhibited multiple antibiotic resistance.

P. S. Reethy

K. V. Lalitha

Antimicrobial Resistance in Vibrio cholerae from Aquatic Environment

水环境中霍乱弧菌的抗菌药物耐药性

This study evaluated a polyhouse pond aquaculture system (PPAS, 200m2) for cultivating chocolate mahseer (Neolissochilus hexagonolepis) under Meghalaya’s agro-climatic conditions. Over two years, chocolate mahseer growth, survival, and biomass production in PPAS were compared against a conventional open pond aquaculture system (OPAS, 200m2). PPAS demonstrated substantial advantages, with fish exhibiting 34.6% higher final weight (112.24 ± 7.10g vs 83.38 ± 9.91g), 34.8% greater daily weight gain (0.31 ± 0.02 g/day vs 0.23 ± 0.03 g/day), 7.8% higher specific growth rate (1.10 ± 0.04 %/day vs 1.02 ± 0.08 %/day), and 16.1% better survival rate (83.85 ± 5.02% vs 72.20 ± 6.85%) compared to OPAS. Consequently, PPAS total fish biomass (941.97 ± 91.20 kg/ha) was 56.5% greater than OPAS (601.84 ± 90.60 kg/ha). PPAS maintained an average 2.4°C higher water temperature, with a 3.2°C difference during winter. Despite higher initial investment (₹ 85,000 vs ₹ 50,000) PPAS net profit (₹ 6,872) was substantially higher than OPAS (₹ 2,432) due to increased biomass. This innovative system mitigates environmental constraints, meriting further research for enhancing economic viability and long-term sustainability in adverse climatic regions.

Chandan Debnath

None S. Gojendro Singh

None Prasanta Mahanta

None Tasso Tayung

Evaluating a Polyhouse Pond-based Aquaculture Production System for Cultivating Neolissochilus hexagonolepis (Chocolate Mahseer) in the Agro-climatic Conditions of Meghalaya, Northeast India

评估印度东北部梅加拉亚邦农业气候条件下基于温室池塘的尼罗西梭鱼（巧克力马瑟鱼）养殖生产系统

Fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) is a durable thermosetting plastic widely used in small-scale marine boat building. The average life span of FRPsheathed boat is seven years, while that of FRP boat is 30 years. Once their service life ends, these boats are mostly abandoned in the coastal areas, leading to significant environmental harm. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) evaluates a product’s entire life cycle, from raw material production to disposal, covering all intermediate stages. This study examines the LCA of boats made from FRP as a primary material and the wood/plywood boats sheathed with FRP, along the coast of Kerala, focusing on construction, use, maintenance, and disposal phases.The carbon footprint of FRP boats during their life cycle is 35.31 kg CO2 equivalent, which is considerably lower than the 63.01 kg CO2 equivalent for sheathed boats when normalised for a period of one year. Although FRP boats, require 2.4 times more materials like glass fibers and resins for construction than sheathed boats, their overall environment impact is lower due to their four times longer lifespan. The LCA findings show that resin compounds as the major contributors to environmental impacts. The study evaluated boat disposal methods in India, revealing that open burning of FRP boats generates 1253.58 kg CO2 equivalent, while landfilling reduces it to 1065.3 kg CO2 equivalent, both posing environmental risks. In contrast, sheathed boats produce a much lower carbon footprint of 77.70 kg CO2 equivalent when landfilled but have a substantially higher footprint of 596.67 kg CO2 equivalent when burned. The results underscore the pressing need for sustainable disposal methods for the end-of-life FRP fishing boats to minimize ecological damage. The results of the study also highlight the importance of material selection and waste management in reducing the environmental footprint of boat construction and disposal. These insights are crucial for promoting sustainability in small-scale boat-building yards, offering a path forward for the industry to reduce its environmental impact while maintaining the durability and longevity of the fishing boats.

Sreejith S. Kumar

Dhiju Das P. H.

Baiju M.V.

Manju Lekshmi N.

Assessment of Life Cycle and Environmental Impact Hotspots Associated with the Construction and Disposal of Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic Fishing (FRP) Boats in the Small-Scale Fishing Sector of India

印度小规模渔业中玻璃纤维增强塑料渔船建设和处置的生命周期及环境影响热点评估

Sepioteuthis lessoniana is one of the commercially important species, showing genetic differences among its lineages B (Gulf of Mannar) and C (Palk Bay). This study estimated the average fecundity of S. lessoniana from lineages B at 1,043 oocytes, ranging from 308 oocytes in a female, 18.0 cm dorsal mantle length (DML), (11.8 g ovary weight), to 2,563 oocytes in a female, 34.9 cm DML (70.4 g ovaryweight). Larger females exhibited higher fecundity, which increased with DML according to the equation Fecundity=0.2266*DML2.5802. The fecundity-ovary weight relationship followed the equation: Fecundity=21.379+33.131*ovary weight. These findings contribute to our understanding of S. lessoniana stocks from lineage B and their management.

Kavitha M

None Geetha Sasikumar

Fecundity of &lt;i&gt;Sepioteuthis lessoniana&lt;/i&gt; (Cephalopoda:Loliginidae), in the Gulf of Mannar Marine BiosphereReserve

孟加拉湾马纳尔湾海洋生物圈保护区<i>Sepioteuthis lessoniana</i>（头足纲：枪乌贼科）的繁殖力

Fish is recognized as a valuable source of both micro and macronutrients. However, its consumption remains inadequate due to various barriers, such as cost, sensory preferences, and availability. Meanwhile, convenience foods have gained popularity due to their utility, affordability, and accessibility. This review explores the integration of various fish derived products into convenience foods to address inadequate consumption. Given the inherent perishability of fish, converting it into a relatively stable form can help mitigate these problems to some extent. Various fish-derived products, including Fish protein concentrate (FPC) or Fish powder, Fish protein hydrolysate (FPH), Fish oil, and Fish calcium are a few that find potential application in various foods and are examined in this review along with their incorporation levels.

None Meenu B.

None Parvathy U.

None Anokhi Chandrababu K.

None Sarika K.

Food Fortification: Role of Fish-Based Derivatives

食品强化：鱼类衍生品的作用

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an emerging opportunistic pathogen and is one of the pathogens in the acronym ESKAPE representing a global threat to human health associated with antimicrobial resistance. The present study aimed for molecular characterization, virulence gene profiling and antimicrobial resistance studies of P. aeruginosa isolated from 200 fish samples collected from different fish markets in Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India. Of the 200 fish samples screened, 30.5% were confirmed as P. aeruginosa by PCR, targeting the 16S rRNA gene. Among the positive isolates, it was found that 70.4% and 75.4% of the isolates harbored toxA and exoS virulence markers, respectively. All 61 P. aeruginosa isolates recovered were phenotypically characterized for antimicrobial resistance patterns by the disc diffusion method. The study has found 100% resistance against erythromycin followed by 98.4% resistance to amoxicillin, 91.8% resistance against tetracycline, 88.5% resistance to vancomycin and cotrimoxazole, 45.9% resistance to ciprofloxacin, 44.2% resistance against cefepime and 9.9% resistance to gentamicin. The MAR indices were in the range from 0.5 to 1.0. The prevalence of multiple antibiotic resistance of P. aeruginosa harboringvirulence genes in fish can pose a serious threat and hazard to public health through the consumption of raw or undercooked fish.

None Sowmya R

None Jagadeesh Babu A.

Siva Swetha Chinta

None Sreedevi B.

None Suresh Y.

None Vinayaka Siddhartha P.

None Madhava Rao T.

Molecular Characterization and Antibiogram of &lt;i&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/i&gt; Isolated from Fish Sold in Markets of Tirupati, India

鱼市售鱼中分离的<i>铜绿假单胞菌</i>的分子特征及抗菌谱分析——以印度蒂鲁帕蒂市场为例

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Journal Impact	0.16
国际分区	FISHERIES(Q4)

涉及主题	生物渔业化学生态学鱼食品科学地质学有机化学医学生物化学物理工程类遗传学环境科学地理古生物学政治学法学
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Fishery technology

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