Indian Journal of Experimental Biology

In the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), despite the importance of autophagy and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), there is scarce information about their inter-relationship. Therefore, here we assessed the correlations between beclin-1, a cornerstone in autophagy, and TGF-β1 in a letrozole-induced PCOS rat model. Accordingly, a total of 45 female adult albino Wistar rats were randomly assigned into control, vehicle (carboxymethyl cellulose), and PCO groups. To establish the PCOS model, letrozole (1.0 mg/kg body wt., p.o.) was given once daily for three successive weeks. Circulating levels of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, estradiol, and progesterone were assayed along with ovarian total antioxidant capacity (TAC), protein carbonyl content (PCC), beclin-1 level, and TGF-β1 level. Ovarian morphology and ultrastructure were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining and electron microscopy, respectively. Compared to control groups, hormonal levels and ovarian morphology in the letrozole-exposed animals indicated the successful construction of the PCOS model. Further, the PCO group exhibited an oxidative stress status reflected by a significant decrease in ovarian TAC and a significant elevation in the PCC. Moreover, ovarian beclin-1 and TGF-β1 levels were significantly increased with an enhancement of autophagy as revealed by electron microscopy. In multiple linear regression models, only TGF-β1 was observed in the final model where it explained the 62.3% variability of Beclin-1. In conclusion, the ovarian level of TGF-β1 might be a determinant factor of beclin-1 level in PCOS which may provide new insight into the pathophysiology and therapy of the disease.

Nermin Hamdy

Hala Ghanem

Mervat Mohamed

Fawzia Abd El-Rahman

Ahmed Soliman

Correlations between beclin-1 and transforming growth factor-β1 in letrozole induced polycystic ovary syndrome

贝克林-1与来曲唑诱导的多囊卵巢综合征中转化生长因子-β1的相关性

In goat farming, buck fertility is important because most farms typically retain one buck for every few dams. Follicle stimulating hormone is essential for regulating fertility and varies in its beta subunit (FSHβ), which provides specificity. To explore the possibilities of using FSHβ gene as candidate marker, this study was aimed to investigate polymorphism at FSHβ gene by PCR-RFLP assay and association of polymorphic variants of FSHβ with body weights, scrotal and seminal attributes in indigenous goats. The amplicons of 313 bp was obtained for FSHβ gene from the DNA of 35 Barbari, 26 Black Bengal, and 31 Sirohi bucks, respectively. FSHβ was found to be monomorphic in all three breeds using PCR-RFLP analysis. Using PstI and HinfI restriction enzymes, respectively, it revealed a single type of uncut banding pattern of 313 bp and single fragment of 157 bp. Sequence analysis also confirmed absence of PstI recognition site, revealing an A>G substitution at nucleotide position 4531. Frequency of AA genotype and A allele was found to be maximum. All traits, with the exception of mass motility, showed a significant breed effect. Based on the findings, it was concluded that targeted region of FSHβ gene was fixed goat population under investigation.

Asad Khan

Mohan Singh Thakur

Shrikant Joshi

Satya Nidhi Shukla

Ankur Khare

Vaishali Khare

Rajesh Kumar Vandre

Mona Sharma

Genetic polymorphism of follicle stimulating hormone beta (FSHβ) gene and its association with body weight, scrotal measurements and seminal quality traits in indigenous goats

本地山羊卵泡刺激素β（FSHβ）基因的遗传多态性及其与体重、阴囊测量和精液质量性状的关联

Epilepsy is a chronic clinical disorder and does not have a rational treatment, which basically aims to prevent seizure activity. Therefore, developing new treatment strategies that can intervene in epileptogenesis will make important contribution to epilepsy treatment. In order to find new compounds and develop new treatment strategies, here, we explored the potential antiepileptic effects of Allium schoenoprasum L. commonly known as chives. Two different epilepsy models were used to study the potential antiepileptic effects of A. schoenoprasum L. The first epilepsy model was induced by intracortical injection of 500 IU penicillin. The second epilepsy model was induced by injecting pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) at the dose of 60 mg intraperitoneally (i.p.). In the penicillin model, the animals were given A. schoenoprasum L. extract (200 or 400 mg/kg i.p.) after penicillin was applied and electrocortical activity was recorded for 120 min. In the PTZ model, the animals were given A. schoenoprasum L. extract at doses of 200 or 400 mg/kg orally for 7 days, after which the PTZ was applied, and tonic-clonic seizures were video recorded. A. schoenoprasum L. did not significantly change either the spike frequency or amplitude in the penicillin epilepsy model. Although it did not change the seizure score in the PTZ epilepsy model it reduced the death rate and significantly decreased the tonic-clonic seizure duration. The result suggests that A. schoenoprasum L. may have antiepileptic effects when applied chronically.

Dana Zaqzouq

Aydin Him

Ramazan Güneşer

Arzu Turker

Antiepileptic effects of Allium schoenoprasum L. in the acute epilepsy model in rats

韭菜对大鼠急性癫痫模型的抗癫痫作用

Seizure is known to induce oxidative stress which may initiate neuronal death. Oxidant-antioxidant imbalance often leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and apoptosis in the brain which may further result in the development of seizure. Phenolic compounds such as curcumin and rosmarinic acid are reported to control convulsions and seizures in pentylenetetrazol induced seizures models by suppressing seizure time, oxidative stress and inflammation indirectly. Sinapic acid (SA), a polyphenolic product of hydroxycinnamic acid found in various plants, exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anxiolytic effects. In this study, we investigated the effects of sinapic acid on pentylenetetrazol induced seizures in rats through oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and neurotrophic factor. A total of 28 male Wistar Albino rats weighing 200-220 g were divided into four equal groups (n=7/group). The treatment groups received 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg SA, respectively, by oral gavage for five consecutive days along with pentylenetetrazol (45 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) to induce seizures. The levels of Total oxidant status (TOS), Total antioxidant status (TAS), TNF-α, IL-1β, and Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were measured in the cortex and hippocampus. Additionally, caspase 3 and caspase 9 levels, as well as the immunoreactivity of Cleaved caspase 3, were determined in the hippocampus. The results showed thatpretreatment with 20 mg/kg SA delayed the latency of generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) and first myoclonic jerk, reduced GTCS duration, and improved seizure score and cognitive function. Importantly, the 20 mg/kg SA pretreatment resulted in decreased levels of TOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and BDNF in the cortex and hippocampus, while increasing TAS levels in these brain areas. Moreover, the 20 mg/kg SA reduced hippocampal caspase 3 and caspase 9 levels, as well as the immunoreactivity of Cleaved caspase 3 in rats with pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures. These findings suggest that the anti-seizure effects of SA are mediated by BDNF modulation, as well as its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti apoptotic properties

Mehmet Ekici

Handan Güneş

Arzu Gezer

Sinapic acid reduces pentylenetetrazol induced seizures in rats

阿魏酸减轻戊四氮诱导的大鼠癫痫发作

In nasal endoscopic surgery, recurrence of chronic rhinosinusitis is not uncommon which may be due to the trauma and injury viz. bone exposure, fibrous scarring, and ostia stenosis caused by surgical procedure. Here, we have investigated the various factors that contribute to such recurrence. Eligibility assessment was conducted on all patients with chronic rhinosinusitis admitted to our hospital between January 2020 and April 2023, resulting in the recruitment of 200 patients scheduled for nasal endoscopic surgery. After a minimum of 12 months postoperative follow-up, patients included in the final analysis were categorized into recurrence and non-recurrence groups. Through multifactorial logistic regression analysis, smoking, VAS score, pterygoid sinus (S) score, sinus-oral sinus complex (OMC) nasal polyps, allergic rhinitis, deviated septum, and postoperative infection were identified as independent influencing factors for postoperative recurrence (P <0.05). Thus, the factors influencing recurrence after nasal endoscopic surgery in patients with chronic sinusitis comprise smoking, VAS score, lesion extent (AE, S, OMC score), nasal polyps, allergic rhinitis, deviated septum, and postoperative infection. The study concludes that implementing effective clinical interventions targeting these factors is crucial for reducing recurrence rates in patients.

Qianying Wei

Jiaqing Zhang

Rui Song

Influencing factors of recurrence of chronic sinusitis after nasal endoscopic surgery

鼻内镜手术后慢性鼻窦炎复发的影响因素

Blastocystis is enteric parasites that live in both humans and animals gastrointestinal tracts. Metronidazole (MTZ) is generally preferred in the treatment of Blastocystis infection. However, it has been shown to have teratogenic and carcinogenic potential, causing various side effects. In this study, we have made an attempt to find an alternative drug with less toxic side effects in the treatment of Blastocystis. For this purpose, the anti-Blastocystis activities of thymoquinone (TQ) and capsaicin (CAP) were evaluated in vitro. Blastocystis isolate was inoculated in Jones medium in 1.5 mL eppendorf tubes supplemented with fetal calf serum (FCS) and incubated at 37°C. The anti-Blastocystis effect of TQ and CAP was evaluated by light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Both TQ and CAP had anti Blastocystis effects. It was observed that 500 ug/mL of TQ and 1000 ug/mL of CAP inhibited 100% of Blastocystis growth. In the LM and SEM images, it was observed that Blastocystis treated with TQ decreased in size and CAP had an effect on the cell surface when compared to the control group. It was concluded that TQ could be a more reliable anti-Blastocystis drug compared to MTZ and CAP, but more comprehensive studies should be performed.

Saadet Yıldız

Selahattin Aydemir

Abdurrahman Ekici

Naziye Yıldız Deniz

Hasan Yılmaz

Inhibitory effect of thymoquinone and capsaicin on Blastocystis grown in vitro

百里醌和辣椒素对体外培养的芽囊原虫的抑制作用

Recently, research has focused on marine microorganisms for green synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles, with potential applications in treatment of cancer as well as in food and cosmetics. Among the marine algae, Porphyridium cruentum contain a major red pigment called R-phycoerythrin which is a red fluorescent pigment is used as a reducing and stabilizing agent. Ag-ZnO nanocomposite is synthesized by a green approach by using phycoerythrin as a capping agent. The physiochemical properties of the synthesized nanocomposite are determined using UV-Vis, XRD, FTIR and SEM/EDX. The UV-Vis has confirmed the presence of nanocomposite at 400nm. The FTIR showed the peak of Zn–O vibration and other hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. The XRD determined the crystalline nature and hexagonal shape of the nanocomposite. EDX showed the elemental composition of the Ag, Zn and O. The combined effect of the phycoerythrin and Ag-ZnO nanobiocomposite was studied by MTT Assay to check its anticancer property such as proliferation and toxicity. As a result, the IC50 was found to be 100µg when studied on MCF-7 cell line. It is found that combination of phycoerythrin and Ag-ZnO inhibited the growth of the MCF-7 cell line and can be used as photosensitive drug for chemotherapy in future.

Baskar G

Keerthana K

Supriya A

Pravin R

Abinesh AR

Yuvaraaj SA

Synthesis of phycoerythrin-Ag-ZnO nanobiocomposite from marine red algae Porphyridium purpureum for anticancer applications against MCF-7 cell line

来自海洋红藻紫球藻的藻红蛋白-Ag-ZnO纳米生物复合材料的合成及其对MCF-7细胞系的抗癌应用

Hypoxia, a condition when dissolved oxygen (DO) drops down below 2 mg/L1, is one of the most common stressors in aquatic environment. Aquatic animals often overcome this condition with a combination of physiological, behavioural, biochemical and molecular responses. In the present study, we examined the effect of moderate hypoxia on superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and oxygen transport mechanism in Delminichthys ghetaldii erythrocytes. Popovo minnow (Delminichthys ghetaldii) is an endemic cyprinid fish which inhabits springs and streams in fields Ljubomir, Dabar and Fatnica in B&H, and Bacina lakes in Croatia. During autumn and spring floods, Popovo minnows emerge from the underground waters to surface estavelle. Withdrawal of the water to the underground basins brings them back to their underground habitat. Fishes were collected in the flood plain of Fatnica field (43°00¢53″N; 18°19¢24″E). Following erythrocyte lineage parameters were measured: number of red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin concentration, Packed cell volume (PCV), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) and MCH (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin). Also, the characterization of the SOD from RBC is presented for the first time. Native PAGE resolved the presence of three CuZn SOD isoforms, while isoelectrofocusing revealed the presence of two anionic SOD isoforms with pI 3.4 and 3.5. Exposure to conditions of mild hypoxia induced changes in fish SOD activity, hemoglobin concentration and MCH. Results indicate Delminichthys ghetaldii responds to hypoxia by enhancement of the oxygen carrying capacity and triggering SOD activity.

Jasna Friščić

Radoslav Dekić

Aleksandar Ivanc

Biljana Kukavica

Superoxide dismutase and oxygen transport mechanism in endemic fish Delminichthys ghetaldii (Steindachner, 1882) under mild hypoxia

地方性鱼类Delminichthys ghetaldii（Steindachner, 1882）在轻度缺氧条件下超氧化物歧化酶与氧运输机制

Abbreviation	Indian J. Exp. Biol.
Journal Impact	0.66
Quartiles(Global)	BIOLOGY(Q4)

Publication Information	Publisher: National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research，Publishing cycle: Monthly，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: Yes
Basic data	Year of publication: 1965，Proportion of original research papers: 99.11%，Self Citation Rate:28.60%， Gold OA Rate: 44.98%
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：平均6.0个月
Average recruitment ratio	网友分享经验：约80%

Indian Journal of Experimental Biology

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Correlations between beclin-1 and transforming growth factor-β1 in letrozole induced polycystic ovary syndrome

Genetic polymorphism of follicle stimulating hormone beta (FSHβ) gene and its association with body weight, scrotal measurements and seminal quality traits in indigenous goats

Antiepileptic effects of Allium schoenoprasum L. in the acute epilepsy model in rats

Sinapic acid reduces pentylenetetrazol induced seizures in rats

Influencing factors of recurrence of chronic sinusitis after nasal endoscopic surgery

Sinapic acid reduces pentylenetetrazol induced seizures in rats

Influencing factors of recurrence of chronic sinusitis after nasal endoscopic surgery

Inhibitory effect of thymoquinone and capsaicin on Blastocystis grown in vitro

Synthesis of phycoerythrin-Ag-ZnO nanobiocomposite from marine red algae Porphyridium purpureum for anticancer applications against MCF-7 cell line

Superoxide dismutase and oxygen transport mechanism in endemic fish Delminichthys ghetaldii (Steindachner, 1882) under mild hypoxia