The Journal of Human Resources is among the leading journals in empirical microeconomics. Intended for scholars, policy makers, and practitioners, each issue examines research in a variety of fields including labor economics, development economics, health economics, and the economics of education, discrimination, and retirement. Founded in 1965, the Journal of Human Resources features articles that make scientific contributions in research relevant to public policy practitioners.

The Journal of Human Resources is one of the leading journals in empirical microeconomics. Aimed at scholars, policymakers, and practitioners, each issue explores research across various fields, including labor economics, development economics, health economics, and the economics of education, discrimination, and retirement. Founded in 1965, the Journal of Human Resources features articles that make significant scientific contributions to research relevant to public policy practitioners.

《Journal of Human Resources》是实证微观经济学领域的领先期刊之一。该期刊面向学者、政策制定者和从业者，每期都探讨包括劳动经济学、发展经济学、健康经济学、教育经济学、歧视和退休经济学等多个领域的研究。自1965年创刊以来，《Journal of Human Resources》发表的文章在与公共政策相关的研究中做出了重要的科学贡献。

Journal of Human Resources

We introduce a new instrument for family size, infertility, to investigate the causal relationship between children and female labor force participation. Infertility mimics an experiment where nature assigns an upper bound for family size, independent of a woman's background. This new instrument allows us to investigate the differential labor supply without restrictions on initial family size. Using the Demographic and Health Surveys from 26 developing countries we show that OLS estimates are biased upward. We find that the presence of children affects neither the likelihood of work nor its intensity, but impacts the type of work a woman pursues.

Jorge M. Agüero

Mindy S. Marks

The Journal of Human Resources

Motherhood and Female Labor Supply in the Developing World: Evidence from Infertility Shocks

发展中国家的母性和女性劳动力供应：来自不孕症冲击的证据

<h3>Abstract</h3> Community Health Centers (CHCs) deliver primary care to underserved populations by locating sliding-scale clinics in disadvantaged areas. We investigate how this policy affected infant health using the rollout of CHCs and a flexible event study framework with Vital Statistics natality data. We find that maternal access to CHCs improves infant health outcomes within seven years after their introduction. Treatment-on-the-treated estimates show a 25- to 42-gram increase in birth weight and a 9% to 16% reduction in the likelihood of low birth weight. These improvements can be explained by increased access to early prenatal care and reductions in maternal smoking.

Esra Kose

Siobhan O’Keefe

Maria Rosales-Rueda

Does the Delivery of Primary Health Care Improve Birth Outcomes?

初级卫生保健的提供是否改善了出生结果？

<h3>Abstract</h3> This paper analyzes the link between automation and education by investigating the impact of the introduction of industrial robots on college enrollment in the US. We exploit exogenous variation in the adoption of robots across US local labor markets and show that for every additional robot adopted four individuals enroll in college. This result is driven by rising enrollment rates in local community colleges. We also observe a shift in graduations towards more applied fields. Finally, we show that the increase in college enrollment is primarily due to reduced opportunity costs, rather than an increase in the college wage premium.

Giuseppe Di Giacomo

Benjamin Lerch

Automation and Human Capital Adjustment

自动化与人力资本调整

<h3>Abstract</h3> Exploiting the roll out of state level sexual orientation based Anti-Discrimination Laws over the past 25 years within a difference-in-differences model that is robust to staggered timing, I document the causal effect of Anti-Discrimination Laws on mental health for the first time. Results demonstrate that Anti-Discrimination Laws significantly improve the mental health of sexual minorities. I leverage data from several sources to explore three plausible mechanisms: changes in labor market outcomes, changes in health insurance coverage, and changes in social and workplace climate.

Samuel Mann

Anti-Discrimination Laws and Mental Health

反歧视法律与心理健康

<h3>Abstract</h3> We find that individuals involved in low-level crime who receive prison sentences are more likely to be re-imprisoned for technical violations during their post-release supervision, rather than for new offenses, compared to those who receive non-prison sentences. We identify the extent and cost of this incapacitation effect among individuals with similar criminal histories using exogenous variation in sentence type from discontinuities in Michigan Sentencing Guide-lines. Higher re-imprisonment adds 15% more prison days to the original sentence while only low-level crimes appear to be averted. These results suggest that re-imprisonment for technical parole violations does not prevent serious crime.

Catalina Franco

David J. Harding

Shawn D. Bushway

Jeffrey Morenoff

Does Re-Imprisonment for Technical Violations Prevent Crime?

技术违规再监禁能否预防犯罪？

<h3>Abstract</h3> This study presents the first causal evidence of the impact on arrest rates of a sectoral training program that was implemented using a randomized control trial. The results indicate that, among those with a prior criminal record, individuals in the treatment group were two-fifths as likely to be arrested post-randomization as those assigned to the control group. Among the overall population, arrest probabilities decreased by one-half. We explore potential mechanisms for this effect and find suggestive evidence in favor of the training program's impact on earnings, as well as peer effects from other trainees.

Shamena Anwar

Matthew Baird

John Engberg

Rosanna Smart

Do Sectoral Training Programs Reduce Arrests?

部门培训计划能减少逮捕吗？

<h3>Abstract</h3> This study examines the uneven effects of air pollution from maritime ports on physical and mental health across racial groups. We exploit quasi-random variation in vessels in port from weather events far out in the ocean to estimate how port traffic influences air pollution and human health. We find that one additional vessel in a port over a year leads to 3.1 hospital visits per thousand Black residents within 25 miles of the port and only 1.1 per thousand for Whites. We assess a port-related environmental regulation and show that the policy can help alleviate racial inequalities in health outcomes.

Kenneth Gillingham

Pei Huang

Racial Disparities in the Health Effects from Air Pollution

空气污染对健康影响的种族差异

<h3>Abstract</h3> We analyze whether field of study assigned at age 16 impacts mental health in adulthood. Using a regression discontinuity design that exploits GPA cutoffs, we find that admission to a preferred STEM field improves mental health, lowering both the incidence of antidepressant prescriptions and of mental health-related hospitalizations. As for mechanisms, suggestive evidence indicate that earnings explain about 40% of the estimates, but earlier proposed hypotheses based on schoolage peer characteristics such as ability rank, female shares or peer ability levels, have little explanatory power. Our findings imply that restrictions on individuals' choices entail costs that may have been underestimated.

Abbreviation	J. Human Resources
Journal Impact	5.47
Quartiles(Global)	INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR(Q1)

ISSN	0022-166X, 1548-8004
h-index	123

Publication Information	Publisher: University of Wisconsin Press，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 1992，Proportion of original research papers: 100.00%，Self Citation Rate:0.00%， Gold OA Rate: 20.35%

Journal of Human Resources

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Motherhood and Female Labor Supply in the Developing World: Evidence from Infertility Shocks

Does the Delivery of Primary Health Care Improve Birth Outcomes?

Automation and Human Capital Adjustment

Anti-Discrimination Laws and Mental Health

Does Re-Imprisonment for Technical Violations Prevent Crime?

Anti-Discrimination Laws and Mental Health

Does Re-Imprisonment for Technical Violations Prevent Crime?

Do Sectoral Training Programs Reduce Arrests?

Racial Disparities in the Health Effects from Air Pollution

Field of Study and Mental Health in Adulthood