《运动医学与体能杂志》发表与应用生理学、预防医学、运动医学和创伤学、运动心理学领域相关的科学论文。稿件可以社论、原创文章、评论文章、病例报告、专题文章、致编辑的信和指南的形式提交。

The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness publishes scientific papers related to applied physiology, preventive medicine, sports medicine, traumatology, and sports psychology. Manuscripts can be submitted in the form of editorials, original articles, review articles, case reports, special articles, letters to the editor, and guidelines.

《运动医学与体能杂志》发表与应用生理学、预防医学、运动医学、创伤学和运动心理学相关的科学论文。稿件可以以社论、原创文章、评论文章、病例报告、专题文章、致编辑的信和指南的形式提交。

Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness

The aim of this study was to determine if cardiac hypertrophy differs between professional female and male soccer players.Twenty-two female and 20 male professional soccer players, and their respective non-athlete controls (22 females and 19 males) were submitted to an echocardiogram.Females had a shorter left ventricular intracavitary diameter and wall thicknesses than males in both groups. However, these differences disappeared when cardiac dimensions were expressed relative to body mass area (P>0.05). Compared to their respective controls, female and male soccer players had a longer (P<0.05) left ventricular end-systolic diameter (female: 1.87±0.16 vs. 1.77±0.15 cm/m2 and male: 1.83±0.21 vs. 1.73±0.16 cm/m2), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (female: 2.86±0.25 vs. 2.74±0.22 cm/m2 and male: 2.81±0.26 vs. 2.55±0.66 cm/m2), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (female: 0.44±0.06 vs. 0.39±0.04 cm/m2 and male: 0.43±0.04 vs. 0.39±0.10 cm/m2), left ventricular septal wall thickness (female: 0.47±0.06 vs. 0.41±0.04 cm/m2 and male: 0.45±0.04 vs. 0.40±0.11 cm/m2), and left ventricular mass index (female: 91.8±22.1 vs. 72.3±10.5 g/m2 and male: 121.7±20.3 vs. 99.8±13.8 g/m2 ).Part of the gender differences in cardiac dimensions might be attributed to differences in body dimension. Soccer training increases cardiac dimensions even with BSA correction and females seem to have similar left ventricle remodeling compared to males.

André Sansonio de Morais

Guilherme A Ferreira

Adriano E Lima-Silva

Ary Gomes Filho

The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness

Gender-related cardiac dimension differences between female and male professional soccer players

职业足球运动员中女性与男性心脏尺寸的性别相关差异

Cardiac adaptation to intense physical training is determined by many factors. Differences between the sexes in the left ventricle parameters are well established, however, both sport activity and body composition seem to reduce them. In order to better explain some heart modifications, a first approach was to eliminate the FM from the indexing of the left ventricular parameters. Fat free mass also contains the extracellular mass which does not represent a metabolically active compartment. The aim of this study is to verify the differences between the sexes with a new left ventricular indexation with the metabolically active tissue of the body as body cell mass in elite athletes.Twenty-five females were matched with 25 elite male soccer players (females=26.2±1.9 yrs, males=26.5±1.8 yrs; P=NS). An accurate body composition analysis (skinfold and bioimpedance) and an echocardiography were performed.Differences between the sexes in body composition were confirmed in fat mass (fat mass index females=3.5±0.5 kg/m2, males=2.4±0.5 kg/m2, P<0.001), while no differences were found in the extra cellular mass index (females=7.3±1.1 kg/m2, males=7.5±0.5 kg/m2; P=NS). There are no differences in systo-diastolic parameters between sexes. Greater relationships were found between left ventricular mass and body cells (r=0.829, r2=0.686, COV=401.5) compared to fat free mass (r=0.819, r2=0.675, COV=344.7). Left ventricular dimensions show higher values in males who also have the following body cell indexation (females=128.2±15.8 g/m2, males=143.4±14.7 g/m2; P<0.001).Analyzing body composition in three compartments appears a solution that physiologically can explain some aspects of the athlete's heart. These results could be considered as preliminary data which can be used to create a new indexation.

Gabriele Mascherini

Cristian Petri

Giorgio Galanti

Link between body cellular mass and left ventricular hypertrophy in female and male athletes

运动员身体细胞质量和左心室肥厚之间的关联：女性和男性

The current aims were to determine body composition (BC), and heart rate (HR) and rating of perceived effort (RPE) responses by female basketball referees during elite international competition.Pre-competition, BC via skinfolds was assessed in 10 referees (38 ± 3 yr) who officiated 11 matches. Referees' HR and exercise intensity (based upon maximum HR, HRmax) was recorded during each quarter of each match and RPE assessed post- match. Differences between quarters were examined via repeated measures ANOVA while correlations between RPE, HR, BC and experience were also considered.The average match HR was 86.2±5.0 HRmax with this being significantly lower during the 4th quarter compared to the 1st (p = 0.18) and 2nd quarters (p = 0.001), and significantly lower during the 3rd compared to the 2nd quarter (p = 0.005). The average post-match RPE was 12.5 ± 1.6 with significant inverse correlations identified between post-match RPE and exercise intensity (average HR, %HRmax). Significant correlations were identified between the average match HR and BC (0.608, p = 0.016), and experience (-0.653, p = 0.008).The current investigation has demonstrated that elite female basketball referees experience significant cardiovascular and perceptual stress during international matches that may be influenced by referee experience and BC. These unique characteristics may aid in referee preparation for elite competition.

Alejandro Vaquera

Juan Mielgo-Ayuso

Julio Calleja-GONZáLEZ

Anthony S Leicht

Cardiovascular and perceptual stress of female basketball referees during women's International matches

女子国际篮球比赛中女裁判的心血管与感知压力

Isometric handgrip exercise (IHE) is recommended as a non-pharmacological treatment for managing blood pressure. However, the effect of various modes of IHE on neuromuscular fatigue and post-exercise blood pressure responses have not been explored. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the duration and muscle mass factors of IHE on post-exercise blood pressure responses.

Hao ZHU

Li HE

Jiaqi GUO

Binfeng HUANG

Jeannette ELLIOTT

Yih-Kuen JAN

Effects of neuromuscular fatigue induced by various modes of isometric handgrip exercise on post-exercise blood pressure responses

不同等长握力运动诱导的神经肌肉疲劳对运动后血压反应的影响

BACKGROUND: The study aimed to assess whether prior intake of metformin enhances performance in the FRAN workout, a popular Functional Fitness Training protocol. METHODS: Fourteen men (mean±SD: 24.2±3.5 years; height: 173.3±7.8 cm; weight: 78.3±14.1 kg; body mass index: 25.9±3.0 kg/m2) participated. During the first visit, anthropometric measurements were taken, and participants performed the FRAN workout. After 72-96 hours, a retest was conducted to establish test-retest reliability. In the third and fourth visits, participants completed the FRAN workout under two conditions: metformin and placebo, using a crossover, counterbalanced, and double-blind design. The FRAN workout consisted of barbell thrusters (43.2 kg) and bodyweight butterfly pull-ups, performed in 21, 15, and 9 repetitions across three rounds.RESULTS: Significant differences were observed in partial times between rounds (F=28.91; P<0.01), but no significant differences were found between metformin and placebo conditions (F=0.08; P=0.77) or interaction effects (F=0.87; P=0.42). Similarly, total time differed significantly between rounds (F=158.04; P<0.01), with no significant differences between conditions (F=0.02; P=0.88) or interaction effects (F=0.30; P=0.73). CONCLUSIONS: Acute metformin intake did not enhance FRAN workout performance, nor did it affect heart rate or perceived exertion. Coaches and athletes should consider that metformin's impact on exercise performance appears nonexistent, and its use in this context might not provide the desired ergogenic effect.

Antonio H. PINHEIRO

Luiz G. SILVA

Victor J. BASTOS-SILVA

Acute metformin intake on exercise performance in healthy participants during functional fitness training

急性二甲双胍摄入对功能性健身训练期间健康参与者运动表现的影响

Team sports players are frequently required to integrate multiple physical components, including strength and endurance capacity, to maximize their performance during both training and competitions. The combination of strength and endurance within a periodized program is known as concurrent training. Recently, concurrent training has emerged as an innovative method to enhance both muscular strength and aerobic performance, tailored to the specific requirements and diverse nature of each sport. However, concurrent training may induce excessive fatigue and compromise performance potentiation, depending on training prescription parameters. This distinction between the interference effect and performance enhancement presents a complex challenge for any team sports system. Consequently, the objective of this review was to scrutinize the efficacy, practical application, and methodological aspects of concurrent training. Additionally, it aims to elucidate strategies to mitigate the complexities associated with the interference effect, thereby optimizing the benefits of concurrent training modality for team sports, emphasizing soccer. The major findings indicate that concurrent training can improve strength and endurance qualities in athletes, but under certain conditions, it can also interfere with adaptations. Appropriate programming strategies, such as proper sequencing, scheduling, volume, intensity, and recovery, can help mitigate these negative effects. Additionally, whereas more experienced athletes display greater proficiency in executing concurrent training programs, younger players, particularly those under 14, tend to experience minimal interference effects from this training approach, making it well-suited for their development. Overall, concurrent training has been demonstrated as an effective and efficient method for improving strength and endurance performance in team sports players.

Ofir MALAMUD

Isaac I. R. SMUKAS

The impact of concurrent training in team sports and soccer

团队运动和足球中同时训练的影响

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to analyze whether there are differences in performance indicators between matches played at different altitudes in professional padel.METHODS: Data were collected and analyzed based on players' sex, set number, and set score using video footage from the World Padel Tour (WPT), including open-access TV broadcasts and WPT's YouTube channel. Performance indicators - such as break points won, errors, winners, and winning smashes - were recorded across 1122 sets (485 matches) from three WPT seasons (2020-2022).RESULTS: In men's padel, altitude-related differences were observed in break points (P=0.005), break points won (P=0.002), and winners (P=0.002). In women's padel, altitude-related differences were found in break points won (P=0.004), smashes (P<0.001), and winning smashes (P<0.001). Set number and set result were associated with variations in several performance indicators, depending on the tournament's altitude (below or above 500 meters).CONCLUSIONS: These results represent reference data to help players and coaches train according to altitude conditions.

Adrián ESCUDERO-TENA

Iván MARTÍN-MIGUEL

Bernardino J. SÁNCHEZ-ALCARAZ

Corrado LUPO

Rafael CONDE-RIPOLL

Diego MUÑOZ

The impact of altitude conditions on performance in men's and women's professional padel

海拔条件对男子和女子职业壁球运动表现的影响

BACKGROUND: Foot rock-paper-scissors and towel-gathering exercises are widely used for isometric strengthening of intrinsic foot muscles. An initial trial demonstrated that foot rock-paper-scissors and towel-gathering exercises affected skeletal muscles associated with the medial longitudinal arch and toe pressure force, respectively. However, no quantitative reports of interosseous muscle activity after continuous training exist. We aimed to quantitatively assess and compare the impact of foot rock-paper-scissors and towel-gathering exercises on skeletal muscle activity in university athletes over a 3-month period using FDG-PET 3 imaging.METHODS: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in a university hospital with pre- and post-training PET measurements of muscle activity changes. Eight healthy university athletes were subjected to two 3-month-long exercise regimens: foot rock-paper-scissors and towel-gathering. Skeletal muscle activity changes were quantitatively evaluated using FDG-PET imaging. We defined regions of interest across 25 specific muscles and conducted measurements of toe pressure strength and vertical jump height.RESULTS: The foot rock-paper-scissors exercise initially impacted medial muscles and later intrinsic foot muscles, including lateral longitudinal arch muscles. The towel-gathering exercise improved toe pressure force and vertical jump. Therefore, each exercise targets specific muscle groups differently.CONCLUSIONS: Foot rock-paper-scissors and towel-gathering exercises have distinct effects on skeletal muscle activity. The former primarily enhances medial intrinsic muscles, while the latter improves toe pressure force and vertical jump ability. This highlights the importance of selecting specific exercises for targeted muscle training in athletic and rehabilitation settings. Further research is suggested to extend these findings to broader athletic populations and clinical applications.

Tomoyuki KANAYAMA

Yasushi TAKATA

Kazuki ASAI

Mitsuhiro KIMURA

Rikuto YOSHIMIZU

Seigo KINUYA

Satoru DEMURA

Junsuke NAKASE

Quantifying lower limb skeletal muscle activity changes after 3 months of intrinsic foot muscle training: a randomized controlled trial

量化足内在肌训练3个月后下肢骨骼肌活动变化：一项随机对照试验

Abbreviation	J Sports Med Phys Fitness
Journal Impact	1.08
Quartiles(Global)	SPORT SCIENCES(Q3)

ISSN	0022-4707, 1827-1928
h-index	76

Publication Information	Publisher: Edizioni Minerva Medica S.p.A.，Publishing cycle: Quarterly，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 1962，Proportion of original research papers: 91.93%，Self Citation Rate:0.00%， Gold OA Rate: 2.77%
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：较慢,6-12周
Average recruitment ratio	网友分享经验：容易

Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness

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Gender-related cardiac dimension differences between female and male professional soccer players

Link between body cellular mass and left ventricular hypertrophy in female and male athletes

Cardiovascular and perceptual stress of female basketball referees during women's International matches

Effects of neuromuscular fatigue induced by various modes of isometric handgrip exercise on post-exercise blood pressure responses

Acute metformin intake on exercise performance in healthy participants during functional fitness training

Effects of neuromuscular fatigue induced by various modes of isometric handgrip exercise on post-exercise blood pressure responses

Acute metformin intake on exercise performance in healthy participants during functional fitness training

The impact of concurrent training in team sports and soccer

The impact of altitude conditions on performance in men's and women's professional padel

Quantifying lower limb skeletal muscle activity changes after 3 months of intrinsic foot muscle training: a randomized controlled trial