这本国际期刊由英国植物病理学会拥有和编辑，涵盖植物病理学的各个方面，订阅者遍及 80 个国家。来自世界各地的高质量原创研究论文和评论包括：由真菌、细菌、病毒、植原体和线虫引起的温带和热带植物疾病；植物病理学的生理、生化、分子、生态、遗传和经济方面；疾病流行病学和建模；疾病评估和作物损失评估；植物病害控制和与病害相关的作物管理。

The journal "Aging" is an international publication owned and edited by the British Society for Plant Pathology, covering all aspects of plant pathology with subscribers in over 80 countries. It publishes high-quality original research papers and reviews from around the world, including topics such as temperate and tropical plant diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, phytoplasmas, and nematodes; physiological, biochemical, molecular, ecological, genetic, and economic aspects of plant pathology; epidemiology and modeling of diseases; disease assessment and crop loss evaluation; and management of plant diseases and related crop management.

《Aging》是一本国际期刊，由英国植物病理学会出版和编辑，涵盖植物病理学的各个方面，订阅者遍及80个国家。期刊发表来自世界各地的高质量原创研究论文和评论，内容包括：由真菌、细菌、病毒、植原体和线虫引起的温带和热带植物疾病；植物病理学的生理、生化、分子、生态、遗传和经济方面；疾病流行病学和建模；疾病评估和作物损失评估；植物病害控制及与病害相关的作物管理。

Aging

Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness in the world. Age is a major risk factor for cataracts, and with increasing aging, the burden of cataracts will grow, but the exact details of cataractogenesis remain unclear. A recent study showed that microRNA-34a (MIR34A) is involved in the development of cataracts, but the underlying pathogenesis remains obscure. Here, our results of microRNA target prediction showed that hexokinase 1 (HK1) is one of the genes targeted by MIR34A. Based on this finding, we focused on the function of MIR34A and HK1 in the progress of cataracts, whereby the human lens epithelial cell line SRA01/04 and mouse lens were treated with MIR34A mimics and HK1 siRNA. We found that HK1 mRNA is a direct target of MIR34A, whereby the high expression of MIR34A in the cataract lens suppresses the expression of HK1. In vitro, the upregulation of MIR34A together with the downregulation of HK1 inhibits the proliferation, induces the apoptosis of SRA01/04 cells, and accelerates the opacification of mouse lenses via the HK1/caspase 3 signaling pathway. In summary, our study demonstrates that MIR34A modulates lens epithelial cell (LEC) apoptosis and cataract development through the HK1/caspase 3 signaling pathway.

Lujia Feng

Yantao Wei

Yimeng Sun

Linbin Zhou

Shaowei Bi

Weirong Chen

Wu Xiang

MIR34A modulates lens epithelial cell apoptosis and cataract development via the HK1/caspase 3 signaling pathway

Abstract Effective crop protection is vital to safeguard food security, but growers are reliant on a limited toolbox in the face of diverse and evolving pathogens. New crop protection methods need to be developed, but it is also important to prolong the effective life of existing products through resistance management. Some core principles in fungicide resistance management, such as using different modes of action and limiting repeat applications of any single mode of action, are long established. However, other aspects have been long debated, such as using higher or lower dose rates, mixtures or alternations, and whether to spray protectively or only if a disease threshold is reached. Continuing research into these questions uses a range of approaches, including modelling, experimental trials, and ongoing monitoring of pathogen populations. Molecular diagnostics allow higher throughput monitoring and earlier detection of emerging resistance. Resistance management guidelines must also be continually updated as new fungicides, and other crop protection measures, are introduced. However, designing optimal resistance management strategies is only half of the story, because a strategy will only be effective if growers follow it in practice. This is more difficult where there are hard trade‐offs between reducing selection for resistance in the future and achieving greater disease control in the present, or where there is a choice between a strategy that would be optimal on average or one that minimizes the risk of control failure in any year. Therefore, communication with farmers is an aspect of resistance management that must not be overlooked.

Isabel Corkley

Bart Fraaije

Nichola Hawkins

Plant Pathology

Fungicide resistance management: Maximizing the effective life of plant protection products

杀菌剂抗性管理：最大化植物保护产品的有效寿命

Efficient coupling of cellular energy production to metabolic demand is crucial to maintain organismal homeostasis. Here, we report that the mitochondrial Sirtuin Sirt4 regulates mitochondrial ATP homeostasis. We find that Sirt4 affects mitochondrial uncoupling via the adenine nucleotide translocator 2 (ANT2). Loss of Sirt4 expression leads to decreased cellular ATP levels in vitro and in vivo while Sirt4 overexpression is associated with increased ATP levels. Further, we provide evidence that lack of Sirt4 activates a retrograde signaling response from the mitochondria to the nucleus that includes AMPK, PGC1Î±, key regulators of Î²-oxidation such as Acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and components of the mitochondrial respiratory machinery. This study highlights the ability of Sirt4 to regulate ATP levels via ANT2 and a feedback loop involving AMPK.

Linh Ho

Allen Sam Titus

Kushal Kr Banerjee

Suji George

Wei Lin

Shaunak Deota

Asish K. Saha

Ken Nakamura

Philipp Gut

Eric Verdin

Ullas Kolthur-Seetharam

SIRT4 regulates ATP homeostasis and mediates a retrograde signaling via AMPK

SIRT4调节ATP稳态并通过AMPK介导逆行信号传导

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease that is highly prevalent worldwide and characterized by glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. However, the pathogenic mechanisms have not been fully established. Here, we found that HMG-box transcription factor 1 (HBP1) is involved in T2DM and that its deficiency in mice aggravates the features of diabetes. In addition, we undertook screening by RNA sequencing and found that HBP1 activates the transcription of the insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) gene. Moreover, Insulin and palmitic acid reduced HBP1 protein expression and inhibited its binding to the IGFBP1 promoter. Furthermore, HBP1 reduced the serum free insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) concentration through IGFBP1 and inhibited the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This forms an insulin/HBP1/IGFBP1 negative feedback regulatory loop to dynamically regulate blood glucose and insulin concentrations. These findings have elucidated a mechanism whereby HBP1 and its negative feedback regulatory loop influence the development of T2DM, thereby providing a new theoretical basis and potential therapeutic target for T2DM.

Yuning Cheng

Ruixiang Yang

Yue Zhou

Jiyin Wang

Tongjia Zhang

Shujie Wang

Hui Li

Wei Jiang

Xiaowei Zhang

HBP1 inhibits the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus through transcriptional activation of the IGFBP1 gene

HBP1通过转录激活IGFBP1基因抑制2型糖尿病的发展

Abstract In the Mediterranean Basin, the pistachio crop is considered an emerging nut crop due to the dependence of the European nut markets on international imports. Consequently, the extension and intensification of pistachio production to nontraditional growing areas has promoted both classic and emerging diseases of this nut tree, which are limiting factors in crop production. Due to the limited interest in pistachio crops, the aetiology and epidemiology of the main pistachio diseases are poorly studied. Thus, this review summarizes the state of pistachio disease research, with particular attention given to the Mediterranean area. The information reported here is based not only on the literature, but also the advancement of our research on pistachio diseases conducted in both Italy and Spain. We describe the main fungal diseases of the tree canopy in Mediterranean countries, such as Botryosphaeria panicle and shoot blight, Septoria leaf spot, and stem, branch and trunk canker diseases, followed by the main soilborne diseases. In addition, we review minor and/or sporadic fungal diseases originating in not only the Mediterranean, but also other pistachio‐producing countries. Another section is dedicated to other diseases caused by bacteria, phytoplasmas, viruses and nematodes. Finally, we summarize the main control strategies adopted in Mediterranean Basin countries against pistachio diseases.

Giorgio Gusella

Ana López‐Moral

Begoña I. Antón‐Domínguez

Carlos Trapero

Giancarlo Polizzi

Antonio Trapero

Themis J. Michailides

Carlos Agustí‐Brisach

Current status of pistachio diseases in countries of the Mediterranean Basin

地中海盆地国家开心果病害的现状

Abstract Blast is a devastating disease of rice caused by the fungus Pyricularia oryzae . The role of infected straw and seed as sources of primary inoculum in blast disease epidemics is well known. The role of alternative hosts is yet to be confirmed. The current study sought to assess if wild rice is a major source of inoculum for cultivated rice by comparing the genetic structure of P . oryzae populations from both hosts. Two hundred and eighty‐two strains were genotyped with 12 simple‐sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Cross infectivity of 20 P . oryzae isolates was also assessed using pathogenicity tests. Samples were collected from cultivated and wild rice organs with blast symptoms in irrigated and lowland areas of Mali in Koulikoro, Sikasso and Ségou regions. Under controlled conditions, P . oryzae isolates from Oryza longistaminata wild rice were pathogenic to cultivated rice and had a similar range of cultivar compatibility to isolates from cultivated rice. Results of pathogenicity tests suggest that P . oryzae isolates from wild rice ( O . longistaminata and Oryza barthii ) have the potential to attack cultivated rice ( Oryza sativa ) in the field. However, populations of P . oryzae on cultivated and wild rice were genetically differentiated. A very large fraction (94.4%) of the multilocus genotypes identified were specific to one host species or the other. Thus, although physically close, each rice species hosts a different population of the pathogen, and our results support the hypothesis that wild rice is not a major source of blast inoculum for cultivated rice.

Diariatou Diagne

Henri Adreit

Joëlle Milazzo

Ousmane Koita

Didier Tharreau

Population structure and pathogenicity tests of Pyricularia oryzae on wild and cultivated rice in Mali

马里野生和栽培稻上稻瘟病菌的群体结构及致病性测定

Abstract Phytophthora rubi has been reported as the primary causal agent of raspberry root rot (RRR) in the UK, resulting in severe economic losses. Recent observations suggest the RRR complex may be more diverse than previously thought. This study investigated the Peronosporales species present in UK raspberry plants and factors affecting their diversity and abundance. Eighty‐six symptomatic root and 86 cane samples were collected from seven farms in the UK in 2020 and 2021. Five additional samples were collected from blackberry roots. Symptomatic tissue was plated onto selective media, and resultant isolates were identified by ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) barcoding. Twelve isolates of five species of Phytophthora ( P . citrophthora , P . pini , P . erythroseptica , P . cryptogea and P . pseudocryptogea ) and seven isolates of two Phytopythium species ( Pp . vexans and Pp . litorale ) were collected. Isolate pathogenicity was assessed on detached leaves, with Pp . litorale and Pp . vexans exhibiting significantly higher pathogenicity on raspberry leaves than an isolate of P . rubi . High‐throughput sequencing of the ITS region of symptomatic root samples revealed farm location had a significant effect on Peronosporales community composition ( p = 0.001), and both farm location and plant variety significantly affected the abundance of taxa ( p &lt; 0.002 and p &lt; 2 × 10 −16 , respectively). This study presents Pp . vexans and Pp . litorale as new potential pathogens for further study. Furthermore, we recommend the inclusion of other Peronosporales species into resistance screens in raspberry breeding programmes to produce genotypes more resilient to community composition shifts in raspberry root pathospheres in the UK.

Eithne Y. Browne

Simon G. Edwards

Greg Deakin

Felicidad Fernández Fernández

Charlotte F. Nellist

Survey and characterization of oomycete species associated with root rot in UK red raspberry (Rubus idaeus)

英国红树莓(Rubus idaeus)根腐病相关卵菌种类调查与特性分析

Abstract Peach leaf diseases have detrimental effects on the healthy growth of peach worldwide. In Hebei Province, China, the prevalence of peach leaf diseases has been progressively increasing, imposing a serious threat to the industry's healthy development and causing various economic losses. This study identified Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni as the pathogen of peach bacterial leaf spot in Hebei Province. Bacillus methylotrophicus strain MCTR‐5 was identified as an effective antagonistic bacterium against X . arboricola pv. pruni . Notably, 80% ethylicin and 0.3% tetramycin displayed a robust inhibitory effect on X . arboricola pv. pruni . These findings present a novel approach to controlling peach bacterial leaf spot in Hebei Province, serving as the groundwork for developing a green prevention and control mechanism for commercial peach orchards.

Zhongchi Cui

Xinkang Sun

Shitao Yuan

Jianying Ma

Junying Liu

Linshuo Meng

Haiyan Wang

Identification and antagonistic bacterium screening of the pathogen causing peach bacterial leaf spot in Hebei Province, China

中国河北省桃细菌性叶斑病病原的鉴定及拮抗细菌筛选

Abstract Canola ( Brassica napus ) production in Australia widely uses glyphosate‐tolerant (Roundup Ready [RR]) cultivars. White leaf spot (WLS; Neopseudocercosporella capsellae ) significantly threatens canola globally, but particularly in Australia. Studies were undertaken on Hyola RR 500, with moderate resistance, and Hyola RR 504, which is highly susceptible to WLS, to determine how glyphosate application at various timings before and after N . capsellae infection affects WLS development. There were significant ( p &lt; 0.05) effects for leaf disease incidence (LDI), leaf area diseased (LAD), and leaf area collapsed (LAC) for both canola cultivars, for disease development period (days post‐inoculation), and for glyphosate application time (before or after inoculation). Although applying glyphosate before or after inoculation on both cultivars significantly ( p &lt; 0.05) increased LDI, LAD and LAC area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) values, glyphosate application before inoculation exerted a significantly greater effect on these values than glyphosate application after inoculation. On both cultivars across 21 days, glyphosate application 7 days before inoculation resulted in the greatest increases for LDI, LAD and LAC AUDPC values, while glyphosate application 7 days after had the least effect. This study highlighted potential significant benefit for farmers by withholding glyphosate applications until N . capsellae infections are well established in order to minimize predisposition to WLS by glyphosate applied prior to the main N . capsellae infection period.

Yan Ai

Ming Pei You

Guijun Yan

Martin J. Barbetti

Glyphosate application affects white leaf spot (Neopseudocercosporella capsellae) development on glyphosate‐tolerant canola

草甘膦施用影响耐草甘膦油菜白叶斑病（新假小尾孢菌）的发展

Abstract A meta‐analytical approach was employed to assess the relationship between late‐season disease (LSD) severity and soybean yield across 39 field trials conducted from 2020/21 to 2023/24 in nine Brazilian states. Pearson's correlation coefficient ( r ) and Fisher's transformation ( Z ) were calculated to examine the association between disease severity and yield. Additionally, random‐ and mixed‐effects meta‐analyses were performed to estimate the intercept (β 0 ) and slope (β 1 ) of the linear regression model. Disease pressure, yield class, region, altitude and year were included as categorical moderators. The damage coefficient (in percentage) was calculated from β 0 and β 1 values, while the economic damage threshold (EDT) was derived using the estimated damage coefficient, attainable yield and fungicide efficacy values. A strong negative correlation between LSD severity and yield was observed ( Z = −1.03, r = −0.77). The population average estimates for β 0 and β 1 were 4589.0 kg/ha and −22.6 kg/ha per unit increase in severity, respectively ( p &lt; 0.001). While none of the categorical moderators significantly affected the slope ( p &gt; 0.19), disease pressure, yield class and altitude significantly affected the intercept ( p &lt; 0.014). The overall relative damage coefficient was estimated at −0.49% (95% CI = −0.61 to −0.38), with EDT values ranging from 0.41% to 4.33% (mean = 1.57%). In conclusion, a significant negative linear relationship between soybean yield and LSD severity was confirmed, particularly for Cercospora leaf blight and Septoria brown spot. However, these relationships should be validated further before being extrapolated to larger field scales.

Ana Carolyne Costa de Carvalho

Cláudia Vieira Godoy

Alfredo Riciere Dias

Ana Claudia Ruschel Mochko

Nédio Rodrigo Tormen

Mônica Paula Debortoli

Marina Senger

Maurício Silva Stefanelo

Maurício Conrado Meyer

Mônica Anghinoni Müller

João Paulo Ascari

Jairo dos Santos

Luana Maria de Rossi Belufi

Luís Henrique Carregal Pereira da Silva

Hercules Diniz Campos

Carlos Mitinori Utiamada

Alana Tomen

José Fernando Jurca Grigolli

Diego Sichocki

Mônica Cagnin Martins

Emerson Medeiros Del Ponte

Modelling the severity–yield relationship for the late‐season disease complex in soybean small‐plot trials

模拟大豆小区试验中后期病害复合体的严重度-产量关系

Abbreviation	Plant Pathol
Journal Impact	2.44
Quartiles(Global)	PLANT SCIENCES(Q2)

ISSN	0032-0862, 1365-3059, 1945-4589
h-index	101

Publication Information	Publisher: Impact Journals LLC，Publishing cycle: Quarterly，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2009，Proportion of original research papers: 91.95%，Self Citation Rate:4.30%， Gold OA Rate: 21.61%
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：平均3月
Average recruitment ratio	网友分享经验：较易

Aging

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