Studies in History and Philosophy of Science is devoted to the integrated study of the history, philosophy and sociology of the sciences. The editors encourage contributions both in the long-established areas of the history of the sciences and the philosophy of the sciences and in the topical areas of historiography of the sciences, the sciences in relation to gender, culture and society and the sciences in relation to arts. The Journal is international in scope and content and publishes papers from a wide range of countries and cultural traditions.

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science is dedicated to the integrated study of the history, philosophy, and sociology of the sciences. The editors encourage contributions in both the established areas of the history and philosophy of science, as well as in topical areas such as the historiography of science, the relationship of science to gender, culture, and society, and the relationship of science to the arts. The journal has an international scope and publishes papers from a wide range of countries and cultural traditions.

《Studies in History and Philosophy of Science》致力于科学历史、哲学和社会学的综合研究。编辑们鼓励在科学历史和科学哲学的传统领域，以及科学史学、科学与性别、文化和社会的关系，以及科学与艺术的关系等专题领域投稿。该期刊具有国际视野，内容广泛，欢迎来自不同国家和文化传统的论文。

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science

From the 1940s, reproductive physiology and livestock genetics transformed dairy cattle breeding and became, in conjunction with the new reproductive technology of artificial insemination, important drivers of agricultural modernization in most countries with significant dairying. While this is well known, we know less about the longer-term interplay between specifically veterinary interests in reproduction and the institutional development of cattle breeding. In the present paper, I therefore examine the veterinary disciplining of cattle reproduction—its constitution as a veterinary scientific discipline and the extension of veterinary control over it—in mid-twentieth century Sweden. I show how veterinary scientists derived legitimacy for their fledgling discipline by engaging with the problems of practical breeding, and that in doing so they also exercised influence over breeding's development. By making bulls' reproductive disturbances visible and framing them as hereditary, they undermined the conservative interests of commercial breeders. The development of veterinary reproductive science thereby played an important role in reshaping the culture, economy, and regulations of cattle breeding in Sweden as it shifted from a prewar regime dominated by elite breeders to a postwar regime that, ostensibly, served all dairy farmers in the country.

Karl Bruno

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A

Disciplining cattle reproduction: Veterinary reproductive science, bull infertility, and the mid-twentieth century transformation of Swedish dairy cattle breeding

驯化牛繁殖：兽医繁殖科学、公牛不育与20世纪中叶瑞典奶牛育种的转型

Many disciplines and scientific fields have undergone a computational turn in the past several decades. This paper analyzes this sort of turn by investigating the case of computational quantum chemistry. The main claim is that the transformation from quantum to computational quantum chemistry involved changes in three dimensions. First, on the side of instrumentation, small computers and a networked infrastructure took over the lead from centralized mainframe architecture. Second, a new conception of computational modeling became feasible and assumed a crucial role. And third, the field of computational quantum chemistry became organized in a market-like fashion and this market is much bigger than the number of quantum theory experts. These claims will be substantiated by an investigation of the so-called density functional theory (DFT), the arguably pivotal theory in the turn to computational quantum chemistry around 1990.

Johannes Lenhard

Disciplines, models, and computers: The path to computational quantum chemistry

学科、模型与计算机：计算量子化学之路

The development of a biological notion of "population" over the first century of the theory of evolution has been commented upon by a number of historians and philosophers of biology. Somewhat less commonly discussed, however, is the parallel development of the statistical concept of a population over precisely the same period, in some cases driven by the same historical actors (such as Francis Galton and R. A. Fisher). We explore here these parallel developments, first from the perspective of a reconstruction of the historical development of each concept, then with the aid of a digital analysis of a corpus of literature drawn from the journals Biometrika and JournalofGenetics, between 1900 and 1960. These twin analyses show both points of interesting overlap between these two historical trends as well as points of important divergence. The biological and statistical notions of "population" seem to be relatively clearly distinguishable over these six decades, in spite of the fact that a number of authors contributed clearly to both traditions. The complex interplay of continuity and discontinuity across these two notions of "population" makes them a particularly interesting case study of scientific conceptual change.

Nicola Bertoldi

Charles H Pence

Stud Hist Philos Sci

“Population” in biology and statistics

生物学与统计学中的“人口”

Hypotheses about the evolution of multi-trait organismal features often encounter trade-offs between the precision and historical relevance of tests performed in actualistic contexts. That is, highly precise tests aimed at discriminating between competing hypotheses often incur a risk of explanatory misalignment with the historical phenomenon they target. We illustrate this via a discussion of the evolution of childhood. We argue childhood is a trait complex, consisting of multiple, diverse components: patterns of growth, feeding strategies, staggered skill acquisition, and social dependence. The potential of their independent evolution bears important consequences for the evolutionary significance of tests probing the adaptive benefits of childhood in contemporary foraging communities. Via 'isolation-testing' such investigations aim for precision at the cost of historical relevance in a potentially serious way. We suggest that integrative investigations relying on the timing and context of components' evolution, emphasizing historical relevance, frame evolutionary hypotheses more reliably than the emphasis on precise tests currently common, thus bearing a higher explanatory potential.

Andra Meneganzin

Adrian Currie

Not wasted on the young: Childhood, trait complexes &amp; human behavioral ecology

未被年轻人浪费：童年、特质复合体与人类行为生态学

Putnam's criticisms of the identity theory attack a straw man. Fodor's criticisms of reduction attack a straw man. Properly interpreted, Nagel offered a conception of reduction that captures everything a physicalist could want. I update Nagel, introducing the idea of overlap, and show why multiple realization poses no challenge to reduction so construed.

Lawrence Shapiro

Studies in history and philosophy of science

Reduction redux.

还原再议。

Toby Friend

Soft control: Furthering the case for Modified Interventionist Theory

软控制：进一步论证修正干预主义理论的案例

Roughly put, explanatory circles - if any exist - would be propositions such that (i) each explains the next, and (ii) the last explains the first. In this paper, I give two arguments for the view that there are explanatory circles. The first argument appeals to general relativistic worlds in which time is circular. The second argument appeals to special science theories that describe feedback loops. In addition, I show that three standard arguments against explanatory circles are unsuccessful.

Isaac Wilhelm

Explanatory circles

解释的循环

How should we evaluate Darwin and Wallace's arguments for common ancestry over separate ancestry? Elliott Sober defends a likelihood reconstruction of Darwin's reasoning that he dubs modus Darwin: similarity, therefore common ancestry. One assumption of Sober's approach is that separate ancestors have traits that are probabilistically independent. I motivate an objection to this assumption by appeal to 19th century naturalist alternatives such as those of Geoffroy and Owen. On Geoffroy and Owen's separate ancestry models, the ancestors can have traits that are probabilistically dependent. I then prove a generalization of Sober's approach that allows for similarity matching among traits to favour common ancestry over separate ancestry even when the traits of the separate ancestors are probabilistically dependent. I consider Helgeson's recent criticisms of Sober's approach and his alternative interpretation of Darwin's reasoning: more similar, hence, more recent common ancestry. I defend Sober's approach against Helgeson's objections.

Abbreviation	Stud. Hist. Philos. Sci.
Journal Impact	1.37
Quartiles(Global)	HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE(Q1)

ISSN	0039-3681, 1879-2510
h-index	51

Publication Information	Publisher: Elsevier Ltd，Publishing cycle: Quarterly，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 1970，Proportion of original research papers: 99.21%，Self Citation Rate:14.30%， Gold OA Rate: 28.70%
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：较慢,6-12周来源Elsevier官网：平均6.6周
Average recruitment ratio	网友分享经验：容易

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science

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Disciplining cattle reproduction: Veterinary reproductive science, bull infertility, and the mid-twentieth century transformation of Swedish dairy cattle breeding

Disciplines, models, and computers: The path to computational quantum chemistry

“Population” in biology and statistics

Not wasted on the young: Childhood, trait complexes & human behavioral ecology

Reduction redux.

Not wasted on the young: Childhood, trait complexes & human behavioral ecology

“Population” in biology and statistics

Soft control: Furthering the case for Modified Interventionist Theory

Explanatory circles

Modus Darwin redux