Acadiensis

Culture, Art, and the Sense of Place Jeff A. Webb (bio) PIONEERS, COMMODITY PRODUCTION, AND POLITICAL ECONOMY once dominated the historiography of the Atlantic Provinces. Attention to popular culture came much later, and it was then usually understood either as examples of the oral transmission of tradition or of an antimodernist impulse implicit in mature capitalism. Each of the Atlantic Provinces is different from its neighbours, and regions within provinces often share more in common with regions in other provinces than they do with other parts of their own provinces. The four books under consideration here–Michael Eamon's Imprinting Britain: Newspapers, Sociability, and the Shaping of British North America; Janet Kitz's Andrew Cobb: Architect and Artist; Kirk Niergarth's The Dignity of Every Human Being: New Brunswick Artists and Canadian Culture between the Great Depression and the Cold War; and Darrell Varga's Shooting from the East: Filmmaking in the Canadian Atlantic–span provinces, including some outside "Atlantic Canada," as well as several cultural forms, from newspapers to architecture and painting to filmmaking.1 As such, they provide interpretive opportunities that transcend the "regional." While a few 20th-century historians reduced culture to manifestations of class struggle, or the ephemera of ethnic performance, the authors of these books take cultural products seriously on their own terms.2 This set of books about the cultural work of artists, architects, printers, and filmmakers show scholars engaging with the most recent scholarship of the cultural realm. They also embody the authors' thoughts about the ways in which the local engages with the tendrils of globalism. They make for rewarding reading beyond our own communities. Historians have always been comfortable reading texts from the past as sources, and in recent decades have considered the process through which the text was created as well as its content. Michael Eamon's Imprinting Britain delves deeply into the history of 18th-century print culture in two British colonial capitals: Halifax and Quebec City. These two colonial outposts are not often considered together. The subtitle of the book signals that it is a study of "newspapers, sociability and the shaping of British North America," indicating a shift in emphasis from the content to the medium of transmission–from the cultural cargo to the vessel that carries it. Locally produced culture receives less of Eamon's attention, as the colonial elites he examined continue to mentally inhabit the British world. [End Page 201] It is unclear to me why these two ports were chosen for analysis, except for the rich vein of sources that Eamon deploys in his study. The result is a comprehensive study of newspapers and pamphlets in two garrison towns on the northern periphery of the Thirteen Colonies in the period after the American Revolution. It is a substantive contribution to the historiography of print in colonial America as well as that of proto-Canada, not the least because it surveys two towns that historians in the United States rarely include in their analysis. Halifax was, of course, a Royal Navy base, on a peninsula that had been ceded by the French not many years previously. Quebec had an English administration that was surrounded by a French-speaking population. The book gives little sense of the two colonies beyond the social lives of the English male bourgeoisie; as Eamon points out, women, First Nations, French speakers, and many others were rarely addressed or discussed in newspapers and pamphlets. Interestingly, the author uses newspaper accounts to reconstruct some of the cultural life in the theatres and coffee shops that historians sometimes treat as silos. In this account readers are made aware of which plays were being performed, along with the papers and pamphlets that were undoubtedly being read and discussed. This fuller picture of cultural life is helpful. It does, however, raise the questions (more easily asked than answered) of how broadly the print culture circulated. Were women reading the papers? Were members of the Francophone bourgeoisie and clerics reading them? Did literate people read to the illiterate? Drawing upon Habermas, and other cultural theorists, Eamon's attention to the social role of print is valuable to our understanding of colonial culture. This is not...

Jeff A. Webb

Culture, Art, and the Sense of Place

文化、艺术与地方感

Abstract: En 1726, cinq hommes qui faisaient partie de la communauté mi'kmaq depuis longtemps furent pendus pour piraterie à Boston. En effectuant l'analyse de sources telles que des bulletins d'information du 18e siècle, des dossiers de procès et des données généalogiques, cet article examine les débats portant sur la place des Métis parmi les Mi'kmaq et la conception élastique de la communauté chez les Autochtones. Cette étude de cas présente également une nouvelle façon de comprendre l'agentivité, les actions et l'expérience vécue d'hommes d'origine acadienne et autochtone – des « fantômes coloniaux » ou des colons disparus des documents de l'époque coloniale britannique – tout en soulignant l'importance de revoir les désignations identitaires utilisées par l'empire et d'accorder davantage de poids aux relations de parenté, à la culture et aux pratiques locales. Abstract: In 1726 five men who had long been part of a Mi'kmaw community were hanged for piracy in Boston. Through an analysis of sources such as 18th-century newsletters, trial records, and genealogical data, this article addresses the debates over the place of Métis among the Mi'kmaq and the practice of Indigenous community elasticity. It also presents a new way to understand the agency, actions, and lived experience of Indigenous Acadian men – "colonial ghosts" or colonists who disappeared from the colonial record – while underlining the importance of revising imperial identity designations as well as of placing greater weight on local kinship, culture, and practice.

Nicole Gilhuis

Colonial Ghosts in Indigenous-British Conflict: A Revisiting of Two 1726 Piracy Trials

原住民与英国冲突中的殖民幽灵：重访1726年两起海盗审判

Nicole O'Byrne

John G. Reid

Patricia Bernard

Historians as Expert Witnesses in Indigenous Land Claims Litigation: Examining the Role Played by Elizabeth Mancke and Bill Parenteau in Madawaska Maliseet First Nation v The Queen

历史学家作为原住民土地索赔诉讼中的专家证人：探讨伊丽莎白·曼茨克和比尔·帕伦特在马达瓦斯卡·马利塞特第一民族诉女王案中的角色

Abstract: Les cartes géographiques sont autant des images de fantaisies impériales que des sources de renseignements géographiques pratiques. Le travail de Jean de Labat, un ingénieur militaire français à Port-Royal, offre un cas d'espèce des expériences cartographiques impériales dans le nord-est de l'Amérique du Nord. Une lecture critique élargie de deux de ses cartes révèle que les réalités sur le terrain se mêlaient aux fantaisies impériales dans la construction d'une version de la vie à Port-Royal qui profitait à Labat et à d'autres fonctionnaires français. C'est pour ces raisons que le travail de Labat fut publié plus tard dans l'édition de 1727 des Cartes marines . Abstract: Maps are as much images of imperial imaginings as they are sources of practical geographic information. The work of Jean de Labat, a French military engineer at Port Royal, offers a case study of cartographic experimentation with empire in northeastern North America. An expanded critical cartographic reading of two of his maps reveals that on-the-ground realities mingled with imperial imaginings to construct a version of life at Port Royal that benefitted Labat and other French officials. It was for these reasons that Labat's work was later published in the 1727 edition of the Cartes marines .

Carli Lapierre

Putting Port Royal on the Map: Jean de Labat's Early-18th-Century Cartographic Construction of Port Royal

将皇家港标绘在地图上：让·德·拉巴的18世纪初皇家港地图绘制

Abstract: L'élevage de visons à petite échelle fit ses débuts à Terre-Neuve en 1935, mais prit de l'expansion après la Seconde Guerre mondiale en appui au développement économique rural. Des éleveurs du Canada et des États-Unis furent attirés à Terre-Neuve par le gouvernement, qui offrait de la viande de globicéphale noir et de petit rorqual à bon marché, ainsi que des incitatifs à l'expédition et à l'établissement. En conséquence, le stock de globicéphales fut surexploité, ce qui, jumelé au déclin des marchés, entraîna la fin de l'élevage de visons soutenu par la chasse à la baleine en 1971. Il aurait cessé de toute façon l'année suivante, après que le gouvernement du Canada eut interdit la chasse à la baleine par les non-Autochtones. Abstract: Small-scale mink farming began in Newfoundland in 1935, but was expanded after the Second World War to further rural economic development. Breeders were attracted from Canada and the USA by the government's offer of low-cost meat from long-finned pilot (pothead) and minke whales, together with shipping and establishment incentives. As a consequence, the pothead stock was overexploited, which, with declining markets, ended whaling-supported mink farming in 1971. It would, in any case, have ceased the following year after a ban on non-Indigenous whaling was imposed by the Canadian government.

Anthony Dickinson

Chesley Sanger

Rural Economic Development: Whaling and Mink Farming in Newfoundland, 1935–1971

农村经济发展：纽芬兰的捕鲸与水貂养殖，1935-1971年

Abstract: Le révérend Richard Preston (v. 1791-1861) occupe une grande place dans l'histoire de la communauté africaine néo-écossaise pour son rôle en tant que pasteur, abolitionniste, organisateur communautaire et fondateur de la African Baptist Association. Durant un épisode largement oublié de sa carrière à ses débuts, Preston prêchait dans la vallée de l'Annapolis, où il fut à l'origine d'un vaste renouveau religieux en 1823-1824. Contrairement à la majeure partie de son ministère ultérieur, Preston y prêchait devant des auditoires composés exclusivement ou principalement de Blancs. Ses prédications suscitaient des réactions très diverses, allant de la curiosité à la conversion jusqu'aux préjugés insidieux et à l'hostilité pure et simple, qui étaient l'expression des relations complexes entre la race et la religion dans la Nouvelle-Écosse du début du 19e siècle. Abstract: Reverend Richard Preston (c. 1791-1861), formerly enslaved in Virginia, looms large in African Nova Scotian history for his role as a pastor, abolitionist, community organizer, and founder of the African Baptist Association. During a largely forgotten early episode in his career, in 1823-1824, Preston preached in the Annapolis Valley and sparked an extensive religious revival. Unlike much of his later public ministry, Preston preached to racially integrated or predominantly white audiences. His ministry elicited a range of responses, from curiosity and conversion to insidious prejudice and outright hostility, conveying the complex relationships between race and religion in early-19th-century Nova Scotia.

Keith S. Grant

"He is sent to this place, and good will result to the cause of God": Young Richard Preston, Race, and Religion in Early-19th-Century Nova Scotia

“他被派往此地，上帝的事业将因此受益”：青年理查德·普雷斯顿、种族与宗教在19世纪初新斯科舍的影响

Publication Information	Publisher: University of New Brunswick，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2009，Proportion of original research papers: 100.00%，Self Citation Rate:N.A.， Gold OA Rate: 0.00%

Acadiensis

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Culture, Art, and the Sense of Place

Colonial Ghosts in Indigenous-British Conflict: A Revisiting of Two 1726 Piracy Trials

Historians as Expert Witnesses in Indigenous Land Claims Litigation: Examining the Role Played by Elizabeth Mancke and Bill Parenteau in Madawaska Maliseet First Nation v The Queen

Putting Port Royal on the Map: Jean de Labat's Early-18th-Century Cartographic Construction of Port Royal

Rural Economic Development: Whaling and Mink Farming in Newfoundland, 1935–1971

Colonial Ghosts in Indigenous-British Conflict: A Revisiting of Two 1726 Piracy Trials

Historians as Expert Witnesses in Indigenous Land Claims Litigation: Examining the Role Played by Elizabeth Mancke and Bill Parenteau in Madawaska Maliseet First Nation v The Queen

Putting Port Royal on the Map: Jean de Labat's Early-18th-Century Cartographic Construction of Port Royal

Rural Economic Development: Whaling and Mink Farming in Newfoundland, 1935–1971

"He is sent to this place, and good will result to the cause of God": Young Richard Preston, Race, and Religion in Early-19th-Century Nova Scotia

Abbreviation
Quartiles(Global)	HISTORY(Q3)

ISSN	0044-5851, 1712-7432
h-index	9